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Kairos Managing Director, Dr Peter Turner said: “The high-grade lithium results, combined with the confirmation of spodumene mineralogy, is a very exciting development.
Highlights
- Five pegmatite samples from the Lucky Sump prospect at Mt York have returned exceptional assays including:
- 1.91% Li2O & 103 ppm Ta (MYR393)
- 1.56% Li2O & 115 ppm Ta (MYR401)
- 0.58% Li2O & 167 ppm Ta (MYR396)
- The spodumene-bearing pegmatite samples were discovered during routine earthmoving activities next to the flagship Mt York gold deposit
- The spodumene pegmatites are part of a larger interpreted dyke swarm at Mt York
- Planning underway to RC drill-test large area of Lucky Sump
“In light of these exceptional results, we plan to expedite planning to drill all of Lucky Sump. We intend to test the entire interpreted pegmatite dyke swarm, which is under cover, with the first RC drilling anticipated in September.
“We are in a Tier 1 destination for spodumene pegmatite projects with two world-class Li-Ta deposits (ASX:PLS, ASX:MRL) in the neighbourhood and we have demonstrated that we have the right fertile geology for significant Lithium-Caesium-Tantalum (LCT) pegmatite discoveries”.
Figure 1. Kairos Geologist Campbell Watts holding a piece of spodumene-bearing pegmatite (MYR393 – 1.91% Li2O) discovered at ‘Lucky Sump’ during routine earth moving activities.
Five samples of pegmatites that were analysed by hyperspectral and XRD methods confirming the presence of spodumene mineralogy (see KAI Announcement dated 12 July 2022), were submitted to NAGROM Laboratories in Perth for chemical analysis. Photographs of the pegmatites are shown in Figure 2.
The samples were crushed and pulverised and a 200g subsample selected for Na-peroxide fusion with hydrochloric acid digestion. This method was selected as it is considered to be a complete dissolution of all resistate minerals they may contain the selected elements of interest. The analysis of the samples was conducted using inductively couple plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with the elements Li, Rb, Cs, Be, Mn, Fe, Ti and Ta selected. The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Assay results from NAGROM Laboratory, Perth. Conversion of Li ppm results to Li2O involves a two-step process to divide the Li ppm result by 10,000 (conversion to Li %) and multiplying Li % by 2.153 to obtain the Li2O equivalent. Method ICP005 refers to NAGROM’s Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis code.
Figure 2. Lucky Sump pegmatite samples showing lithium and tantalum results.
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This article includes content from Kairos Minerals, licensed for the purpose of publishing on Investing News Australia. This article does not constitute financial product advice. It is your responsibility to perform proper due diligence before acting upon any information provided here. Please refer to our full disclaimer here.
KAI:AU
Kairos Minerals
Overview
When it comes to raw materials, the state of Western Australia in Australia stands out as one of the world’s largest exporters of raw materials. The state is the main exporter of minerals and petroleum commodities in Australia, including iron ore, gold, alumina, nickel, liquified natural gas, copper and lithium. Western Australia also produces a significant proportion of these commodities –– including 32 percent of the world’s iron ore and 29 percent of the world’s garnet.
However, Western Australia is considerably well-known for its long and documented history of gold rushes dating back to the late 1800s. In 2021, Australia was the third-largest producer of gold and according to the Annual Survey of Mining Companies for 2021, Western Australia bested other jurisdictions in terms of the Investment Attractiveness Index. Today, Western Australia’s Pilbara region is home to multiple gold-producing mines, including Novo Resources Corp.’s (TSE:NVO) Nullagine Gold project, Northern Star Resources Ltd.’s (ASX:NST) Paulsens Gold mine and Newcrest Mining Ltd.’s (TSE:NCM) Telfer mine.
Kairos Minerals Ltd. (ASX:KAI) is a mineral exploration company focused on advancing a portfolio of highly prospective gold projects in Australia. Kairos Minerals has two key project hubs located in Western Australia's premier mining districts. The company is led by a strong management team with decades of experience in mineral exploration.
The company’s fully-owned Pilbara Gold Project is located at the epicenter of the Pilbara gold rush in Pilgangoora. The project is home to the historical Lynas gold project which produced more than 125,000 ounces of gold from 1994 to 1998. The Pilbara Gold project is prospective for Hemi style intrusive related gold targets. The Hemi gold deposit is one of Australia’s recent major gold discoveries that sparked interest for its intrusive style of geology that was previously not well known for its mineralization.
Kairos Minerals’ Pilbara Gold project features three deposits, including the Mount York, Iron Stirrup and Old Faithful deposits which form the cornerstone of the project. Kairos announced an updated Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resource Estimate for these three centrally located deposits comprising 9 million tonnes at 1.3g/t gold for 873,500 ounces of contained gold which includes a Mineral Resource Estimate for the Mt York deposit of 17.2 million tonnes at 1.26g/t gold for 697,700 ounces of contained gold.
The company’s Pilbara Gold project consists of the Mount York and Pilbara Regional Gold projects. The flagship Mount York project includes an indicated and inferred resource of 17.2 million tonnes at 1.26 g/t of gold for 697,700 thousand ounces. The Mount York deposit is located approximately 100 kilometers southeast of Port Hedland. In January 2022, the company identified a significant new gold target with anomalous rock chip samples of up to 4.6 g/t of gold at the Mount York project.
Kairos Minerals’ Pilbara Regional Gold project is highly prospective for gold and lithium. The project spans 2,026 square kilometers of tenure, including granted and applications. In December 2021, the company confirmed the presence of pegmatites at the Wodgina project. As a part of the company’s review of its exploration portfolio for lithium, new targets were identified in the Pilbara region in 2022. Kairos confirmed a series of significant large-scale Lithium-Caesium-Tantalum (LCT) pegmatite targets prospective for lithium mineralisation within its 100 percent-owned Lalla Rookh Project.
In August 2022, Kairos reported high-grade lithium assays that confirm significant spodumene-bearing pegmatite discovered during routine earthmoving activities next to the flagship Mt York gold deposit. Five pegmatite samples from the Lucky Sump prospect have returned exceptional assays including 1.91 percent Li2O & 103 ppm Ta (MYR393), 1.56 percent Li2O & 115 ppm Ta (MYR401) and 0.58 percent Li2O & 167 ppm Ta (MYR396). The company further plans to conduct RC drill-test within the large area of Lucky Sump in September.
Kairos Minerals’ Eastern Goldfields project is situated in a world-class gold province with more than 130 million ounces of gold produced. The Eastern Goldfields project consists of the Roe Hills project located 120 kilometers east of Kalgoorlie in Western Australia’s Eastern Goldfields.
The fully-owned Roe Hills project comprises an extensive tenement portfolio. The company’s recent exploration work on the Roe Hills project has confirmed the potential for significant discoveries of high-grade gold, nickel, cobalt and lithium mineralization. A review of the soil sampling program conducted in 2020 has identified a coherent lithium and pathfinder elements anomaly in the area. The 2.7 kilometers x 0.4 kilometers northeast-trending lithium anomaly is similar in terms of its interpreted geology, orientation,and geochemistry to the Manna Lithium Prospect, now 80 percent-owned by Global Lithium Resources (ASX: GL1), located ~10km north of the Roe Hills project area.
The company leverages the strategic positioning of its assets. Kairos Minerals' Roe Hill project adjoins the emerging Lake Roe gold discovery that is owned by Breaker Resources (ASX: BRB). The Roe Hills project is also located near Silver Lake Resources’ Mount Monger/Randalls Gold operations and the Aldiss Gold project with million-plus tonne resources each. The company’s Pilbara Gold project is immediately adjacent to Pilbara Minerals’ major lithium-tantalum project which is currently in production.
The company is currently awaiting further assay results from RC drilling on its Mount York project. Going forward, the company is focused on obtaining results from the in-fill AC drilling program at the Kangan project. Kairos Minerals is also putting efforts into gold and lithium target generation from the previous exploration. Additionally, the company also plans to conduct mining studies for the Mount York project and commence analysis of the regional geochemistry sampling from Mount York, Wodgine, Kangan and Skywell projects. The company also hopes to complete additional heritage surveys at the Kangan and Skywell project as well as gold and lithium exploration at Roe Hills.
Company Highlights
- Kairos Minerals Ltd. (ASX:KAI) is a mineral exploration company focused on advancing a portfolio of highly prospective gold projects in premier mining districts in Western Australia, Australia.
- Kairos Minerals’ fully-owned Pilbara Gold project in a prolific district and features a JORC total mineral resource of 20.93 million tonnes at 1.3 g/t of gold for 873,000 ounces.
- The Pilbara Gold project is home to the historical Lynas gold project which produced more than 125,000 ounces of gold from 1994 to 1998.
- The company’s Pilbara Gold project consists of the flagship Mount York and Pilbara Regional Gold projects. The Mount York project includes an indicated and inferred resource of 17.2 million tonnes at 1.26 g/t of gold for 697,700 thousand ounces.
- Kairos Minerals’ Eastern Goldfields project consists of the fully-owned Roe Hills project in a world-class gold province. The Roe Hills project has the potential for significant discoveries of high-grade gold, nickel, cobalt and lithium mineralization.
- The company leverages the strategic positioning of its assets near major mineral discoveries and mineral-producing mines.
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Developing Highly Prospective Gold Projects in a World-Class Gold District
Prince Silver: Advancing the Large-scale Prince Silver Project in Nevada
Prince Silver (CSE:PRNC,OTC:HWTNF) is a Vancouver-based exploration company advancing the Prince Silver project in southeastern Nevada. In July 2025, the company completed the transformational acquisition of Stampede Metals Corporation and rebranded from Hawthorn Resources to Prince Silver Corp. The flagship Prince project is a district-scale, past-producing silver-gold-zinc-manganese carbonate replacement system, historically mined for silver and base metals in the early to mid-1900s.
Aerial view of the Prince silver projectFully funded and technically refreshed, the company’s near-term priority is to validate and build upon the 129 historic drill holes (over 16,600 m) completed on the property, with the goal of converting the large JORC-compliant exploration target into a maiden NI 43-101 mineral resource.
A drill program is scheduled to begin in early September 2025, targeting the validation of legacy data, step-outs along mineralized trends, and continuity across the deposit’s multiple mantos, veins, and breccia zones. In parallel, the company will undertake metallurgical test work, geophysical refinement, and updated geological modeling to support a modern pit-constrained resource and underpin a longer-term development strategy.
Company Highlights
- Flagship project: 100 percent ownership of the historic Prince silver mine in Lincoln County, Nevada, an open, near-surface silver-gold-zinc carbonate replacement deposit with a 25 to 43 Mt exploration target and strong historic grades.
- The company’s second project, Stampede Gap, is about 15 km north west of the Prince mine. Stampede Gap is a large porphyry copper-gold-molybdenum with an extensive alteration zone that presents a deep seated exploration target.
- Clean corporate reset: Hawthorn Resources completed the Stampede Metals acquisition and re-listed as Prince Silver Corp. on July 11, 2025, issuing 15 million shares for the acquisition and raising ~C$4 million in gross proceeds to fund drilling.
- Fully funded summer drill program: ~6,500-m reverse-circulation set to begin early Sept 2025 to validate historic holes and step out along strike/dip to expand known mineralization and potential resources. .
- Tight share structure: 45.9 million shares outstanding post-financing; Stampede shareholders voluntarily locked-up for 12 months.
- Experienced, hands-on leadership: President Ralph Shearing, plus new directors Robert Wrixon and Darrell Rader, add mine-building, corporate and capital-markets depth to the company’s leadership team.
This Prince Silver profile is part of a paid investor education campaign.*
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What Was the Highest Price for Gold?
Gold market gurus from Lynette Zang to Chris Blasi to Jordan Roy-Byrne have shared eye-popping predictions on the gold price that would intrigue any investor — gold bug or not.
Some have posited that the gold price may rise as high as US$4,000 or US$5,000 per ounce, and there are those who believe that US$10,000 gold or even US$40,000 gold could become a reality.
These impressive price predictions have investors wondering, what is gold's all-time high (ATH)?
In the past year, gold has reached new all-time highs dozens of times. Find out what has driven it to these levels, plus how the gold price has moved historically and what has impacted its performance in recent years.
In this article
How is gold traded?
Before discovering what the highest gold price ever was, it’s worth looking at how the precious metal is traded. Knowing the mechanics behind gold's historical moves can help illuminate why and how its price changes.
Gold bullion is traded in dollars and cents per ounce, with activity taking place worldwide at all hours, resulting in a live price. Investors trade gold in major commodities markets such as New York, London, Tokyo and Hong Kong.
London is seen as the center of physical precious metals trading, including for silver. The COMEX division of the New York Mercantile Exchange is home to most paper trading.
There are many popular ways to invest in gold. The first is through purchasing gold bullion products such as bullion bars, bullion coins and rounds. Physical gold is sold on the spot market, meaning that buyers pay a specific price per ounce for the metal and then have it delivered or stored in a secure facility. In some parts of the world, such as India, buying gold in the form of jewelry is the largest and most traditional route to investing in gold.
Another path to gold investment is paper trading, which is done through the gold futures market. Participants enter into gold futures contracts for the delivery of gold in the future at an agreed-upon price.
In such contracts, two positions can be taken: a long position under which delivery of the metal is accepted or a short position to provide delivery of the metal. Paper trading as a means to invest in gold can provide investors with the flexibility to liquidate assets that aren’t available to those who possess physical gold bullion.
One significant long-term advantage of trading in the paper market is that investors can benefit from gold’s safe-haven status without needing to store it. Furthermore, gold futures trading can offer more financial leverage in that it requires less capital than trading in the physical market. Investors can also purchase physical gold via the futures market, but the process is complicated and lengthy and comes with a large investment and additional costs.
Aside from those options, market participants can invest in gold through exchange-traded funds (ETFs). Investing in a gold ETF is similar to trading a gold stock on an exchange, and there are numerous gold ETF options to choose from depending on your preference. For instance, some ETFs focus solely on physical gold bullion, while others focus on gold futures contracts. Other gold ETFs center on gold-mining stocks or follow the gold spot price.
It is important to understand that you will not own any physical gold when investing in an ETF — in general, even a gold ETF that tracks physical gold cannot be redeemed for tangible metal.
Gold has an interesting relationship with the stock market. The two often move in sync during “risk-on periods” when investors are bullish. On the flip side, they tend to become inversely correlated in times of volatility.
According to the World Gold Council, gold's ability to decouple from the stock market during periods of stress makes it “unique amongst most hedges in the marketplace.” It is often during these times that gold outperforms the stock market. For that reason, it is often used as a portfolio diversifier to hedge against uncertainty.
There are a variety of options for investing in gold stocks, including gold-mining stocks on the TSX and ASX, gold juniors, precious metals royalty companies and gold stocks that pay dividends.
What was the highest gold price ever?
The gold price peaked at US$3,685.34, its all-time high, during trading on September 15, 2025.
What drove it to this new ATH? Gold reached its new highest price the day before the September US Federal Reserve meeting at which an interest rate cut is widely expected.
On September 12, the prior trading day, the release of US consumer price index (CPI) data for August showed the overall inflation rose to 2.9 percent on an annual basis and 0.4 percent over July. Weak jobs data the week before further fueled expectations of a rate cut at the upcoming US Fed meeting.
While gold's fresh ATH came on September 15, the week before, gold's record breaking run officially surpassed its inflation adjusted all-time high of US$850 per ounce set in January 1980.
It has set multiple news highs in the preceding weeks amid significant uncertainty in the US and global economies and surging gold ETF purchases.
One key driver came on August 29, when a US federal appeals court ruled that US President Donald Trump's "Liberation Day" tariffs, announced in April, are illegal, stating that only Congress has the power to enact widespread tariffs. The Trump administration is expected to appeal the ruling, which will go into effect on October 14.
Bond market turmoil in the US and abroad on September 2 also provided tailwinds for the gold price.
Why is the gold price setting new highs in 2025?
Gold's record-setting activity extends beyond the last two weeks as well.
Increased economic and geopolitical turmoil caused by the Trump administration has been a tailwind for gold this year, as well as a weakening US dollar, sticky inflation in the country and increased safe-haven gold demand.
Since coming into office in late January, Trump has threatened or enacted tariffs on many countries, including blanket tariffs on longtime US allies Canada and Mexico and tariffs on the EU.
Trump has also implemented 25 percent tariffs on all steel and aluminum imports.
The gold price set a string of new highs in the month of April amid high market volatility as markets reacted to tariff decisions from Trump and the escalating trade war between the US and China. By April 11, Trump had raised US tariffs on Chinese imports to 145 percent and China had raised its tariffs on US products to 125 percent. Trump has reiterated that the US may need to go through a period of economic pain to enter a new "golden age" of economic prosperity.
Falling markets and a declining US dollar have supported gold too, as well as increased buying from China. Elon Musk's call to audit the gold holdings in Fort Knox has also brought attention to the yellow metal.
What factors have driven the gold price in the last five years?
Despite these recent runs, gold has seen its share of both peaks and troughs over the last decade. After remaining rangebound between US$1,100 and US$1,300 from 2014 to early 2019, gold pushed above US$1,500 in the second half of 2019 on a softer US dollar, rising geopolitical issues and a slowdown in economic growth.
Gold’s first breach of the significant US$2,000 price level in mid-2020 was due in large part to economic uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. To break through that barrier and reach what was then a record high, the yellow metal added more than US$500, or 32 percent, to its value in the first eight months of 2020.
Gold price chart, August 31, 2020, to September 1, 2025.
Chart via the Investing News Network.
The gold price surpassed that level again in early 2022 as Russia's invasion of Ukraine collided with rising inflation around the world, increasing the allure of safe-haven assets and pulling the yellow metal up to a price of US$2,074.60 on March 8. However, it fell throughout the rest of 2022, dropping below US$1,650 in October.
Although it didn't quite reach the level of volatility as the previous year, the gold price experienced drastic price changes in 2023 on the back of banking instability, high interest rates and the breakout of war in the Middle East.
After central bank buying pushed the gold price up to the US$1,950.17 mark by the end of January, the Fed's 0.25 percent rate hike on February 1 sparked a retreat as the dollar and treasury yields saw gains. The precious metal went on to fall to its lowest price level of the year at US$1,809.87 on February 23.
The banking crisis that hit the US in early March caused a domino effect through the global financial system and led to the mid-March collapse of Credit Suisse, Switzerland’s second-largest bank. The gold price had jumped to US$1,989.13 by March 15. The continued fallout in the global banking system throughout the second quarter of the year allowed gold to break above US$2,000 on April 3, and go on to flirt with a near-record high of US$2,049.92 on May 3.
Those gains were tempered by the Fed’s ongoing rate hikes and improvements in the banking sector, resulting in a downward trend in the gold price throughout the remainder of the second quarter and throughout Q3. By October 4, gold had fallen to a low of US$1,820.01 and analysts expected the precious metal to drop below US$1,800.
That was before the October 7 attacks by Hamas on Israel ignited legitimate fears of a much larger conflict erupting in the Middle East. Reacting to those fears, and to rising expectations that the Fed would begin to reverse course on interest rates, gold broke through the important psychological level of US$2,000 and closed at US$2,007.08 on October 27. As the fighting intensified, gold reached a then-new high of US$2,152.30 in intraday trading on December 3.
That robust momentum in the spot gold price continued into 2024, chasing new highs on fears of a looming US recession, the promise of Fed rate cuts on the horizon, the worsening conflict in the Middle East and the tumultuous US presidential election year. By mid-March, gold was pushing up against the US$2,200 level.
That record-setting momentum continued into the second quarter of 2024, when gold broke through US$2,400 in mid-April on strong central bank buying, sovereign debt concerns in China and investors expecting the Fed to start cutting interest rates. The precious metal went on to hit US$2,450.05 on May 20.
Throughout the summer, the hits kept on coming.
The global macro environment was highly bullish for gold leading up to the US election. Following the failed assassination attempt on Trump and a statement about coming rate cuts by Fed Chair Jerome Powell, the gold spot price hit a then new all-time high on July 16 at US$2,469.30. One week later, news that then-President Joe Biden would not seek re-election and would instead pass the baton to Vice President Kamala Harris eased some of the tension in the stock market and strengthened the US dollar. This also pushed the price of gold down to US$2,387.99 on July 22, 2024.
However, the bullish factors supporting gold remained in play, and the spot price for gold went on to breach US$2,500 on August 2 that year on a less-than-stellar US jobs report; it closed just above the US$2,440 level. A few weeks later, gold pushed past US$2,500 once again on August 16, closing above that level for the first time ever after the US Department of Commerce released data showing a fifth consecutive monthly decrease in a row for homebuilding.
The news that the Chinese government issued new gold import quotas to banks in the country following a two month pause also helped fuel the gold price rally. Central bank gold buying has been a significant tailwind for the gold price this year, and China's central bank has been one of the strongest buyers.
Market watchers expected the Fed to cut interest rates by a quarter point at its September 2024 meeting, but news on September 12 that the regulators were still deciding between the expected cut or a larger half-point cut led the gold price on a rally that carried through into the next day, bringing the metal near US$2,600.
At the September 18 Fed meeting, the committee ultimately made the decision to cut rates by half a point, news that sent gold even higher. By September 20, it had moved above US$2,600 and was holding above US$2,620.
In October 2024, gold first breached the US$2,700 level and continued to higher on a variety of factors, including further rate cuts and economic data anticipation, the escalating conflict in the Middle East between Israel and Hezbollah, and economic stimulus in China — not to mention the very close race between the US presidential candidates.
While the gold price fell following Trump's win in early November and largely held under US$2,700 through the end of the year, it began trending upward in 2025 to the new all-time high discussed earlier in the article.
What's next for the gold price?
What's next for the gold price is never an easy call to make. There are many factors to consider, but some of the most prevalent long-term drivers include economic expansion, market risk, opportunity cost and momentum.
Economic expansion is one of the primary gold price contributors as it facilitates demand growth in several categories, including jewelry, technology and investment. As the World Gold Council explains, “This is particularly true in developing economies where gold is often used as a luxury item and a means to preserve wealth.”
Market risk is also a prime catalyst for gold values as investors view the precious metal as the “ultimate safe haven,” and a hedge against currency depreciation, inflation and other systemic risks.
Going forward, in addition to the Fed, inflation and geopolitical events, experts will be looking for cues from factors like supply and demand. In terms of supply, the world’s five top gold producers are China, Australia, Russia, Canada and the US. The consensus in the gold market is that major miners have not spent enough on gold exploration in recent years. Gold mine production has fallen from around 3,200 to 3,300 metric tons (MT) each year between 2018 and 2020 to around 3,000 to 3,100 MT each year between 2021 and 2023.
On the demand side, China and India are the biggest buyers of physical gold, and are in a perpetual fight for the title of world’s largest gold consumer. That said, it's worth noting that the last few years have brought a big rebound in central bank gold buying, which dropped to a record low in 2020, but reached a 55 year high of 1,136 MT in 2022.
World Gold Council data shows 2024 central bank gold purchases came to 1,044.6 MT, marking the third year in a row above 1,000 MT. In H1 2025, the organization says gold purchases from central banks reached 415.1 MT.
“I expect the Fed’s rate-cutting cycle to be good for gold, but central bank buying has been and remains a major factor," Lobo Tiggre, CEO of IndependentSpeculator.com, told the Investing News Network (INN) at the start of Q4 2024.
David Barrett, CEO of the UK division of global brokerage firm EBC Financial Group, is also keeping an eye on central bank purchases of gold. “I still see the global central bank buying as the main driver — as it has been over the last 15 years,” the expert said in an email to INN. "This demand removes supply from the market. They are the ultimate buy-and-hold participants and they have been buying massive amounts."
In addition to central bank moves, analysts are also watching escalating tensions in the Middle East, a weakening US dollar, declining bond yields and further interest rate cuts as factors that could push gold higher as investors look to secure their portfolios. “When it comes to outside factors that affect the market, it’s just tailwind after tailwind after tailwind. So I don’t really see the trend changing,” said Eric Coffin of Hard Rock Analyst.
Randy Smallwood of Wheaton Precious Metals (TSX:WPM,NYSE:WPM) told INN in March 2025 that gold is seeing support from many factors, including central bank buying, nervousness around the US dollar and stronger institutional interest. Smallwood is seeing an influx of fund managers wanting to learn about precious metals.
Joe Cavatoni, senior market strategist, Americas, at the World Gold Council, believes that market risk and uncertainty surrounding tariffs and continued demand from central banks are the main drivers of gold.
"Market risk in particular is a key strategic driver for the gold price and performance," Cavatoni told INN in a July 2025 interview. "Think strategically when you think about gold, and keep that allocation in mind."
Check out more of INN's interviews to find out what experts have said about the gold price during its 2025 bull run and where it could go next.
Should you beware of gold price manipulation?
It’s important for investors to be aware that gold price manipulation is a hot topic in the industry.
In 2011, when gold hit what was then a record high, it dropped swiftly in just a few short years. This decline after three years of impressive gains led many in the gold sector to cry foul and point to manipulation.
Early in 2015, 10 banks were hit in a US probe on precious metals manipulation.
Evidence provided by Deutsche Bank (NYSE:DB) showed “smoking gun” proof that UBS Group (NYSE:UBS), HSBC Holdings (NYSE:HSBC), the Bank of Nova Scotia (TSX:BNS,NYSE:BNS and other firms were involved in rigging gold and silver rates in the market from 2007 to 2013. Not long after, the long-running London gold fix was replaced by the LBMA gold price in a bid to increase gold price transparency. The twice-a-day process, operated by the ICE Benchmark Administration, still involves a variety of banks collaborating to set the gold price, but the system is now electronic.
Still, manipulation has by no means been eradicated, as a 2020 fine on JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE:JPM) shows. The next year, chat logs were released in a spoofing trial for two former precious metals traders from the Bank of America's (NYSE:BAC) Merrill Lynch unit. They show a trader bragging about how easy it is to manipulate the gold price.
Gold market participants have consistently spoken out about manipulation. In mid-2020, Chris Marcus, founder of Arcadia Economics and author of the book “The Big Silver Short,” said that when gold fell back below the US$2,000 mark after hitting close to US$2,070, he saw similarities to what happened with the gold price in 2011.
Marcus has been following the gold and silver markets with a focus specifically on price manipulation for nearly a decade. His advice? “Trust your gut. I believe we’re witnessing the ultimate ’emperor’s really naked’ moment. This isn’t complex financial analysis. Sometimes I think of it as the greatest hypnotic thought experiment in history.”
Investor takeaway
While we have the answer to what the highest gold price ever is as of now, it remains to be seen how high gold can climb, and if the precious metal can reach as high as US$5,000, US$10,000 or even US$40,000.
Even so, many market participants believe gold is a must have in any investment profile, and there is little doubt investors will continue to see gold price action making headlines this year and beyond.
This is an updated version of an article first published by the Investing News Network in 2020.
Don’t forget to follow us @INN_Resource for real-time updates!
Securities Disclosure: I, Lauren Kelly, hold no direct investment interest in any company mentioned in this article.
Editorial Disclosure: The Investing News Network does not guarantee the accuracy or thoroughness of the information reported in the interviews it conducts. The opinions expressed in these interviews do not reflect the opinions of the Investing News Network and do not constitute investment advice. All readers are encouraged to perform their own due diligence.
High-Grade Gold Confirmed at Bronzewing South
- Partial results received from the diamond tail of drill-hole BWSRC081 with the visible gold zone returning 15.5g/t Au over 0.48m from 416.5m. This high- grade zone is reported within a broader intercept of:
- 8.95m at 1.32g/t Au from 414m, including:
- 0.48m at 15.5g/t Au from 416.5m; and
- 0.55m at 3.52g/t Au from 422.4m.
- 8.95m at 1.32g/t Au from 414m, including:
- Follow-up drilling along strike from these intercepts is scheduled to commence in the coming days to define the extent of the south-trending zone of gold mineralisation with a diamond tail of drill-hole BWSRCD086.
- Drill results indicate the inadequacy of historical air-core drill testing with a significant search space now open on the boundary with the historical Bronzewing Mining Lease.
- Diamond drilling at the Central Target, located ~1.7km to the south of the Eastern Target and within the same structural corridor, has encountered zones of intense locally massive quartz veining associated with brecciation below historical Hammer gold drilling anomalies of:
- 20m at 1.5g/t Au from 120m in drill-hole BWSRC0037, including:
- 8m at 2.4g/t Au from 120m; and
- 4m at 3.9g/t Au from 120m.1
- 20m at 1.5g/t Au from 120m in drill-hole BWSRC0037, including:
- Assay results from the remaining program will be progressively released in the coming weeks.
Figure 1. Photo of massive quartz carbonate veining intersected in drill-hole BWSRCD082 diamond tail at Hammer’s Central Target Zone (213m to 221.5m).
Hammer’s Managing Director, Daniel Thomas, said:
“The confirmation of high-grade gold mineralisation at Bronzewing South is a significant step in our search for an economically viable gold target at our Yandal Gold Project. High-grade mineralisation can be traced with multiple intercepts to the north of our project area, with the mineralised structure interpreted to extend for hundreds of metres.
“We will now look to test this structure approximately 100m further south on our project area. We are very much looking forward to follow-up drilling at the Eastern Target, as we enter a zone without any previous drilling coverage.
“The team is encouraged by the observations in recent drilling at the Central Target and the potential for this corridor to be connected to the Eastern Target drilling some 1.7km to the north. This corridor is largely untested below the ineffectual air-core drilling and, with a prominent shear zone interpreted to connect these targets, it is of high interest to the team in our search for a significant gold discovery.”
Figure 2. Plan view of the Bronzewing South tenement EPM36/854, showing Bronzewing orebodies on Northern Star Resources mining lease, historical Hammer RC drilling intercepts and the structural corridor of interest containing Hammer’s Central and Eastern Target Zones (refer to ASX announcement 9 November 2020).
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Prince Silver
Investor Insight
With a strong asset foundation, a clean capital structure and an experienced technical team, Prince Silver is well-positioned to capitalize on the current macro tailwinds in the silver and manganese markets.
Overview
Prince Silver (CSE:PRNC,OTC:HWTNF) is a Vancouver-based exploration company focused on unlocking value at the Prince silver project in southeastern Nevada. In July 2025, the company completed a transformational acquisition of Stampede Metals Corporation and subsequently rebranded from Hawthorn Resources to Prince Silver Corp. The flagship asset is a district-scale, past-producing silver-gold-zinc-manganese carbonate replacement system, historically mined for silver and base metals through the early to mid-1900s.
Aerial view of the Prince silver project
Fully funded and technically refreshed, the company’s immediate objective is to validate and expand upon the 129 historic drill holes (over 16,600 m) completed on the property and convert the large JORC-compliant exploration target into a maiden NI 43-101 mineral resource. The upcoming drill program, expected to begin in early Sept 2025, is designed to validate legacy data, step out along mineralized trends, and establish continuity across the deposit's multiple mantos, veins and breccia zones. The company will also initiate metallurgical test work, geophysical refinement and updated geological modeling to support a modern pit-constrained resource and longer-term development plan.
Company Highlights
- Flagship project: 100 percent ownership of the historic Prince silver mine in Lincoln County, Nevada, an open, near-surface silver-gold-zinc carbonate replacement deposit with a 25 to 43 Mt exploration target and strong historic grades.
- The company’s second project, Stampede Gap, is about 15 km north west of the Prince mine. Stampede Gap is a large porphyry copper-gold-molybdenum with an extensive alteration zone that presents a deep seated exploration target.
- Clean corporate reset: Hawthorn Resources completed the Stampede Metals acquisition and re-listed as Prince Silver Corp. on July 11, 2025, issuing 15 million shares for the acquisition and raising ~C$4 million in gross proceeds to fund drilling.
- Fully funded summer drill program: ~6,500-m reverse-circulation set to begin early Sept 2025 to validate historic holes and step out along strike/dip to expand known mineralization and potential resources. .
- Tight share structure: 45.9 million shares outstanding post-financing; Stampede shareholders voluntarily locked-up for 12 months.
- Experienced, hands-on leadership: President Ralph Shearing, plus new directors Robert Wrixon and Darrell Rader, add mine-building, corporate and capital-markets depth to the company’s leadership team.
Key Project
Prince Silver Project
The Prince silver project is a large-scale, polymetallic carbonate replacement deposit (CRD) located just west of Pioche, a historic mining district in southeastern Nevada. The project hosts a structurally and stratigraphically controlled system of silver-rich mantos, breccias and fissure veins emplaced along northeast-trending faults within the Cambrian Pioche Shale. Historical underground production between 1912 and 1949 totaled approximately 1.12 million tons (Mt) at average grades of 100 grams per ton (g/t) silver, 4.5 percent zinc, 2.8 percent lead, and 10 percent manganese, predominantly from shallow workings in the Main and Ridge Zones.
Geological mapping, relogging and compilation of 129 historic drill holes (16,606 m) have defined a JORC exploration target ranging between 25 and 43 Mt, grading approximately 37 to 40 g/t silver, 1.5 percent zinc, and 0.8 percent lead. This target includes three dominant mineralized zones: Ridge, Main and Prince Extended. Mineralization is generally tabular, strataform and laterally continuous, with multiple stacked mantos and vein swarms, often associated with jasperoid, manganese-rich breccias and semi-massive to massive sulfides. The projects’ mineralization remains open along strike and at depth in all directions.
Historical drill results
Historical drill results showing mineralization at the Prince Silver Project is near surface and open in all directions of modelled mineralized horizons
Prince Silver’s 2025 Phase-1 drill program (~6,500 m of RC drilling) is designed to:
- Twin and validate historic pre 2012 high-grade underground and Churn drill hole intercepts.
- Extend mineralization into open gaps between and beyond the Ridge and Main zones.
- Test down-dip extensions and potential feeder structures below and along strike to previously drilled intervals.
A follow-up Phase-2 program (expected in 2026) would target resource expansion along the 2.5-km trend and scout new targets identified via geophysics and structural interpretation. In parallel, the company plans to conduct metallurgical testing to evaluate optimal processing options. Surface rights include 20 unpatented lode claims and 12 patented claims under lease option. The lease agreement includes nominal cash payments and a staged buyout option upon completion of a preliminary economic assessment. The project has good access via gravel roads, with power available on site, and is within 15 km of Pioche community infrastructure.
Overall, the Prince silver project offers district-scale upside within a known past producing metallogenic belt, with near-term drilling and a clear path to defining a large, pit-constrained and underground silver-equivalent resource in Nevada, one of the most mining-friendly jurisdictions in the world.
Other Projects
Stampede Gap Copper-Gold-Molybdenum Project
A large, early-stage porphyry target in Nevada featuring over 200 claims. Historical geophysics identified multiple IP-resistivity anomalies, and a single 700 m drill hole encountered extensive skarn alteration before terminating in mineralization. No current plans for exploration in 2025.
Broken Handle
A legacy polymetallic silver-lead-zinc project with limited historical data. Considered non-core for now; the company’s resources remain focused on advancing Prince Silver.
Management Team
Ralph Shearing – President and Director
Ralph Shearing is a professional geologist and mine developer with over 35 years in mineral exploration development and public company management. Since 1987, he has held senior executive positions with public junior mining and exploration companies, primarily with Luca Mining Corp., a company he founded in 1986 and successfully guided through the exploration, initial development and construction, and pre-production phases of the Tahuehueto mine, located in Durango, México. He currently acts as Qualified Person for Prince Silver’s technical disclosure.
Rob Scott – CFO
Rob Scott has more than 25 years of experience in accounting, corporate compliance, corporate finance, and merchant and commercial banking. He has played a key role in raising more than $200 million in equity financing. Scott has held senior executive and board positions with several TSX-V listed companies, including Great Bear Resources, ValOre Metals, Riverside Resources, Capitan Silver and First Helium.
Robert Wrixon – Director
Robert Wrixon is a seasoned executive and engineer with over 20 years’ experience across ASX- and LSE-listed mining companies. He holds a PhD in mineral engineering from UC Berkeley and brings deep technical, corporate development and M&A experience.
Darrell Rader – Director
Darrell Rader is the president and CEO of Minaurum Gold, a silver-focused explorer in Mexico, and a prominent figure in North American silver exploration. He has directly raised over $150 million for mineral exploration and development and has strong relationships with institutional investors and bankers. He founded Defiance Silver, a silver developer, and previously was the head of corporate development with silver miner IMPACT Silver. Rader holds a BBA in Finance from Simon Fraser University.
Neil MacRae – Independent Director
A veteran mining executive, Neil MacRae has more than two decades of experience in investor relations and has held various investor relations roles with companies such as First Majestic Silver, Sherwood Copper (merged with Capstone in 2008), Farallon Mining (sold to Nyrstar in 2011), and Santacruz Silver Mining. He provides strategic direction on corporate visibility and capital markets positioning.
