
October 05, 2021
Balkan Mining and Minerals Ltd (BMM or the Company) (ASX:BMM)is pleased to announce the completion of its reconnaissance and rock sampling at the Dobrinja Lithium-Borate Project.
The Company has conducted an extensive surface prospecting and a permit wide sampling program, consisting of 97 outcrops being observed and the required information being obtained and recorded into the company database. Additionally, 61 samples of lacustrine-appearing sediments were taken for geochemical analysis.
The sampling program was conducted in order to identify prospective stratigraphy with elevated lithium and boron and to allow the inference of prospective sections.
The samples have been submitted to ALS Bor for sample preparation to be conducted and once completed, the samples will be dispatched to ALS Ireland and Vancouver for multi-element ICP analysis. The Company will release the results once received.
Dobrinja
The project occupies intermontane lacustrine Neogene basin within the trend called the Vardar Zone. The Dobrinja license, covering 37.58km2, is located in western Serbia along trend where lithium– borate Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves have been defined (Rio Tinto, Euro Lithium and Erin Ventures)1.
Figure 1 - Balkan Mining and Minerals Project Locations
The Dobrinja basin is generally elongated in a northwest-southeast direction, controlled by the Neogene tectonic. The targeted lacustrine sedimentary sequence comprises of Lower, Middle and Upper Miocene fine pelitic sediments, marlstone, ash-flow tuffs, oil shale and basal clastic flows.
Basement rocks vary in both age and rock type, and include Paleozoic metamorphic rocks, Mesozoic carbonates and Vardar Ophiolites formations. Northwest - southeast trending faults are thought to be major structural controls on basement fracturing and basin development and may also serve as zones of migration for mineral-bearing fluids.
For further information pls contact:
RossCotton MediaInquiries
Managing Director Nick Doherty
White Noise Communications
Authorised for release by the Managing Director of Balkan Mining and Minerals Limited
-ENDS-
BMM:AU
The Conversation (0)
19 January
Further Exploration Targets Identified at Bayan Springs
Bayan Mining and Minerals (BMM:AU) has announced Further Exploration Targets Identified at Bayan Springs
31 October 2024
Quarterly Activities/Appendix 5B Cash Flow Report
10 April
American Salars: Building a Diversified Portfolio of Lithium Assets Across the Americas
American Salars Lithium (CSE:USLI,OTC:USLIF, FWB:Z3P) is an exploration-stage company dedicated to acquiring, developing, and monetizing lithium brine projects across the Americas. With a clear focus on low-cost entry and scalable resource expansion, the company is executing a disciplined strategy to build a high-quality portfolio in strategic jurisdictions.
Central to American Salars’ vision is the conviction that lithium demand—driven by the accelerating adoption of electric vehicles and the rise of stationary energy storage solutions—is poised for significant long-term growth. The company is strategically positioning itself to capitalize on this trend, targeting assets with strong appeal to major producers and institutional investors.
Salar de Pocitos is the flagship asset of American Salars Lithium, situated in Argentina’s lithium-rich Puna region within Salta Province. The Pocitos 1 block spans 800 hectares and has shown strong lithium brine potential through historical drilling and testing. While a 760,000-ton inferred lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) resource was previously reported for the area—including Pocitos 2, which is not owned by American Salars—all contributing drill holes for that estimate were located within Pocitos 1, where the company holds 100 percent ownership.
Drilling at Pocitos 1 has encountered aquifers at depths between 365 and 407 meters, with lithium concentrations reaching up to 169 parts per million (ppm). Sustained brine flow rates were recorded for over five hours, and porosity tests on core samples returned strong results, ranging from 6 to 14 percent, further underscoring the project’s potential.
Company Highlights
- American Salars Lithium is taking advantage of depressed lithium prices to acquire undervalued assets with long-term scalability and world-class exit potential. The company targets assets with clear upside potential, particularly in brine-rich jurisdictions like Argentina and Nevada.
- The company’s holdings include four lithium projects: Salar de Pocitos (Argentina), Black Rock South (Nevada, USA), Jaguaribe Pegmatite (Brazil), and the Quebec Lithium Portfolio (Canada).
- Located in the Lithium Triangle of Salta, Argentina, the flagship Pocitos 1 is an 800-hectare brine project shares a 760,000-tonne inferred lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) resource and excellent expansion potential.
- Brine-based lithium resources offer lower environmental impact, faster resource delineation, and reduced development costs compared to hard rock alternatives.
- Several of the company’s team members have been involved in multi-million-dollar lithium asset sales. Recent deals in the region (e.g., Alpha Lithium, Neo Lithium, Arcadium) provide a roadmap for monetization.
This American Salars Lithium profile is part of a paid investor education campaign.*
Click here to connect with American Salars Lithium (CSE:USLI) to receive an Investor Presentation
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10 April
Appointment of CEO and Director
CleanTech Lithium PLC (AIM: CTL, Frankfurt:T2N), an exploration and development company advancing sustainable lithium projects in Chile, is pleased to announce the appointment of Ignacio Mehech, former Country Manager of Albemarle in Chile, as the Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and director of CleanTech Lithium.
Click link to watch interview with Ignacio Mehech: https://youtu.be/4iMx2vIZw9g
Highlights:
· Mr Mehech spent seven years up to 2024 at Albemarle with the last three years as Country Manager in Chile, managing a workforce of 1,100 employees and key stakeholder relationships, including Government and indigenous communities
· Albemarle is the world's largest producer of battery grade lithium with Chile accounting for 30 - 40% of its production*
· Native to Chile, Spanish speaking and fluent in English, Mr Mehech has deep leadership and project development experience in lithium production
· Managed high profile engagements with investors, customers, NGOs, analysts, scientists and international government representatives
· Before Albemarle, Mr Mehech led the legal strategy for the El Abra copper operation in Chile, a joint venture with Codelco, and leading US mining company Freeport McMoRan
· Throughout his career Mr Mehech has led profound transformations in organisations to generate sustainable value
· Mr Mehech holds a law degree from the Universidad de Chile and a master's degree in Energy and Resources Law from the University of Melbourne, Australia.
Ignacio Mehech, Chief Executive Officer, CleanTech Lithium PLC said:
"I've been following CleanTech Lithium's progress in Chile for the past couple of years and have been impressed at the progress that has been achieved, with the Company being one of the most active in Chile in seeking to develop a more sustainable means of producing lithium from Chile's abundant brine resources.
I'm truly excited to take on the role as CEO to advance CleanTech's Laguna Verde project and the other business opportunities in Chile. The immediate focus is entering direct negotiations with the Chilean government and progressing the CEOL application for Laguna Verde and delivering the Pre-Feasibility Study to initiate strategic partner conversations. I look forward to leading CleanTech Lithium's project development alongside a dedicated team and to deliver value to all our stakeholders whilst supporting the ambitions of Chile's National Lithium Strategy."
Steve Kesler, Executive Chairman, CleanTech Lithium PLC, said:
"We are delighted that Ignacio has agreed to join us as CEO. His experience in Chile is invaluable, having been Country Manager for leading lithium producer Albemarle, and working on the EL Abra copper mine in Chile for US mining giant Freeport McMoRan. Ignacio joins CleanTech at a crucial point in our development and his significant experience will be instrumental in leading our Laguna Verde project into the next phase."
"I will continue in my role as Executive Chairman intending to move back to being the Company's Non-Executive Chairman when our Board believes the time is right. I look forward to working with Ignacio and remain confident in the long-term potential of CleanTech Lithium."
Figure 1: Ignacio Mehech (centre) participating in a panel discussion at the Future Mining and Energy Congress in Santiago, Chile October 2023. Photo credit: Future Mining and Energy Congress
Background on Ignacio Mehech
During his tenure at Albemarle, a US-listed company with a current market cap of around US$6 billion as of 8th April 2025, Mr Mehech played a pivotal role in driving production growth, strategic negotiations, and sustainability initiatives, significantly impacting Albemarle's operations in Chile and the broader region. Since 2015, Chile has been Albemarle's largest single operation - depending on market prices - accounting for 30 to 40% of its global production.
A landmark achievement under his guidance was securing the first-ever IRMA (Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance) certification for a lithium operation worldwide at the Salar de Atacama plant-a testament to his commitment to environmental and social responsibility.
Previously to Albemarle, Mr Mehech has worked as a legal manager at Freeport-McMoRan, one of the largest copper and molybdenum producers in the world, with multiple assets around the globe. In Chile, it operates SCM El Abra, a joint venture with Codelco, located in Calama and where Mr Mehech was responsible for developing and leading the legal strategy for the business, assuring operational continuity, building relationships with regional authorities, indigenous and non-indigenous communities.
Ignacio Mehech Castellon, aged 42, has held the following directorships and/or partnerships in the past 5 years:
Current | Past |
Cobreloa SADP | Fundacion Chilena Del Pacifico Club Sirio Unido UN Global Compact, Chilean Chapter |
Mr Mehech currently holds no ordinary shares or other securities in the Company.
There is no further information on Ignacio Mehech required to be disclosed under Schedule Two, paragraph (g) (i)-(viii) of the AIM Rules for Companies.
*Statistic taken October 2024 – Albemarle is the world’s largest lithium producer – Mining.com https://www.mining.com/web/ranking-the-worlds-top-lithium-producers/
The information communicated within this announcement is deemed to constitute inside information as stipulated under the Market Abuse Regulations (EU) No 596/2014 which is part of UK law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018. Upon publication of this announcement, this inside information is now considered to be in the public domain. The person who arranged for the release of this announcement on behalf of the Company was Gordon Stein, Director and CFO.
For further information contact: | |
CleanTech Lithium PLC | |
Steve Kesler/Gordon Stein/Nick Baxter | Jersey office: +44 (0) 1534 668 321 Chile office: +562-32239222 |
Or via Celicourt | |
Celicourt Communications Felicity Winkles/Philip Dennis/Ali AlQahtani | +44 (0) 20 7770 6424 |
Beaumont Cornish Limited (Nominated Adviser) Roland Cornish/Asia Szusciak | +44 (0) 20 7628 3396 |
Fox-Davies Capital Limited (Joint Broker) Daniel Fox-Davies | +44 (0) 20 3884 8450 |
Canaccord Genuity (Joint Broker) James Asensio | +44 (0) 20 7523 4680 |
Beaumont Cornish Limited ("Beaumont Cornish") is the Company's Nominated Adviser and is authorised and regulated by the FCA. Beaumont Cornish's responsibilities as the Company's Nominated Adviser, including a responsibility to advise and guide the Company on its responsibilities under the AIM Rules for Companies and AIM Rules for Nominated Advisers, are owed solely to the London Stock Exchange. Beaumont Cornish is not acting for and will not be responsible to any other persons for providing protections afforded to customers of Beaumont Cornish nor for advising them in relation to the proposed arrangements described in this announcement or any matter referred to in it.
Notes
CleanTech Lithium (AIM:CTL, Frankfurt:T2N) is an exploration and development company advancing lithium projects in Chile for the clean energy transition. CleanTech Lithium has two key lithium projects in Chile, Laguna Verde and Viento Andino, and exploration stage project in Arenas Blancas (Salar de Atacama), located in the lithium triangle, a leading centre for battery grade lithium production.
The two most advanced projects: Laguna Verde and Viento Andino are situated within basins controlled by the Company, which affords significant potential development and operational advantages. All three projects have good access to existing infrastructure.
CleanTech Lithium is committed to utilising Direct Lithium Extraction ("DLE") with reinjection of spent brine resulting in no aquifer depletion. Direct Lithium Extraction is a transformative technology which removes lithium from brine with higher recoveries, short development lead times and no extensive evaporation pond construction. For more information, please visit: www.ctlithium.com
Click here for the full release
This article includes content from Cleantech Lithium PLC, licensed for the purpose of publishing on Investing News Australia. This article does not constitute financial product advice. It is your responsibility to perform proper due diligence before acting upon any information provided here. Please refer to our full disclaimer here.
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09 April
Types of Lithium Brine Deposits
The growing global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is driving lithium demand, and it’s important for investors interested in the battery metal to understand the different lithium deposit types found around the world.
Lithium is mined from three types of deposits: brines, pegmatites and sedimentary rocks. Global lithium reserves are estimated at 30 million metric tons (MT), and continental brines and pegmatites are the main sources for commercial production.
A University of Michigan study published in the Journal of Industrial Ecology explains, “The feasibility of recovering lithium economically from any deposit depends on the size of the deposit, its lithium content … the content of other elements and the processes that are used to remove the lithium-bearing material from the deposit and extract lithium from it.”
Lithium from brine deposits has gained more and more interest in recent years on the back of a lithium rush in Nevada, which is home to Albemarle’s (NYSE:ALB) Silver Peak lithium mine, the only producing lithium brine operation in the US and a Tesla (NASDAQ:TSLA) lithium-ion battery gigafactory.
Read on for a brief look at lithium brine deposits. You can also click here to read our overview of lithium pegmatite (hard-rock ore) deposits and sedimentary deposits.
An overview of lithium brine deposits
Generally, lithium extraction from brine sources has proven more economical than production from hard-rock ore. While hard-rock lithium production once dominated the lithium market, the majority of lithium carbonate is now produced from continental brines in Latin America. This is primarily due to the lower cost of production. That said, Australia was still the world’s largest lithium producer in 2024, and the country's lithium mines are hard-rock operations.
There are three types of lithium brine deposits: continental, geothermal and oil field. Read on to learn more about each type of lithium brine operation, including examples.
1. Lithium brine deposits: Continental
Continental brines, also known as salt lakes, salt flats or salars, are the most common form of lithium-containing brine. Continental saline desert basins form in arid environments where water does not have an outlet to the sea, and high evaporation rates lead to brines with a high concentration of dissolved salts and minerals. A playa is a type of brine deposit whose surface is composed mostly of silts and clays.
Most lithium production comes from continental lithium brine deposits in what is known as the “Lithium Triangle” — a region of the Andes mountains that includes parts of Argentina, Chile and Bolivia. Lithium brine deposits in these countries represent more than half of global lithium resources.
The best example is the 3,000 square kilometer Salar de Atacama in Chile, which has an average lithium concentration of about 0.14 percent — the highest known — and estimated lithium resources of 9.1 million MT. Two of the world’s leading lithium producers, SQM (NYSE:SQM) and Albemarle, operate on the Salar de Atacama.
Following its 2025 acquisition of Arcadium Lithium, Rio Tinto (ASX:RIO,NYSE:RIO,LSE:RIO) produces lithium carbonate from another world-class lithium brine deposit, Argentina’s Salar del Hombre Muerto. It also owns the operations at the neighboring Salar de Olaroz and the Sal de Vida project in Northwest Argentina.
Bolivia is home to the world’s largest deposit of lithium, the Salar de Uyuni. However, the odds of this continental brine seeing commercial production are low for several reasons, including the fact that Bolivia is keen on keeping its natural resources under state control.
Additionally, the deposit has high magnesium-to-lithium ratios that make it more difficult and costly to refine salt into lithium carbonate. Finally, the evaporation rate at Uyuni is also extremely high, which means refining would be more time consuming.
The Salar de Uyuni is also a major tourist attraction, meaning there are environmental, cultural and economic concerns from locals who depend on the salt flats.
2. Lithium brine deposits: Geothermal
Geothermal lithium brine deposits make up roughly 3 percent of known global lithium resources and are comprised of a hot, concentrated saline solution that has circulated through crustal rocks in areas of extremely high heat flow and become enriched with elements such as lithium, boron and potassium.
Small quantities of lithium are contained in geothermal lithium brines in New Zealand, Iceland and Chile, but the Salton Sea in Southern California is the best-known example of a geothermal lithium brine deposit.
Currently working in the Salton Sea geothermal field is Controlled Thermal Resources, which is in advanced development of the Hell’s Kitchen lithium and power project. The asset, which has an estimated 30 year life, has a total lithium resource capacity of 300,000 MT per year of lithium carbonate equivalent and a total resource capacity of 1,100 megawatts.
Controlled Thermal Resources reached a major project milestone in early 2023 with the efficient and real-time recovery of lithium from the geothermal brine resource. The company broke ground in early 2025 on the construction of its planned integrated geothermal power plant and lithium production facility, which could be completed by 2026. Stage 1 operations are expected to produce 25,000 MT of lithium hydroxide.
Vulcan Energy Resources (ASX:VUL) is currently developing the Zero Carbon lithium geothermal brine project in Germany's Upper Rhine Valley. Vulcan is utilizing a proprietary alumina-based adsorbent-type direct lithium extraction (DLE) process to produce lithium with an end goal of supplying sustainable lithium for the European EV market. Adsorption-type DLE from brines is one of the preferred types of lithium production due to its low cost, scalability and product purity. The company is looking to 2025 for commercial production.
3. Lithium brine deposits: Oil field
Lithium brine deposits can also be found in some deep oil reservoirs, accounting for 3 percent of known global lithium resources. North America is home to many oil field brines, including in the US states of North Dakota, Wyoming, Oklahoma, Arkansas and Texas; and the Canadian provinces of Ontario, Québec, Alberta, Manitoba and Saskatchewan.
Standard Lithium's (TSXV:SLI,NYSE:SLI) Arkansas Smackover projects on the US Gulf Coast is billed as one of the highest-grade lithium brine resources in North America, with a maximum concentration of 597 milligrams per liter (mg/L) and an average of 437 mg/L. The project is a joint venture between Standard Lithium, which controls 55 percent, and global energy leader Equinor (NYSE:EQNR), which holds a 45 percent interest.
Standard Lithium operates North America's only large-scale, continuously operating DLE demonstration plant. Commissioned in May 2020, the facility has processed over 28 million gallons of Smackover brine as of March 11, 2025. In the first quarter of 2025, the company achieved one of the last technical milestones in bringing the South West Arkansas project to commercialization, and demonstrated lithium recoveries over 99 percent, exceeding the 95 percent recovery used in the current demonstration plant design.
This is an updated version of an article originally published by the Investing News Network in 2016.
Don’t forget to follow us @INN_Resource for real-time news updates.
Securities Disclosure: I, Melissa Pistilli, hold no direct investment interest in any company or commodity mentioned in this article.
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08 April
American Salars Lithium
Investor Insight
American Salars Lithium’s strategic focus on scalable, brine-based lithium projects in Tier 1 jurisdictions makes it a compelling investment opportunity, poised to become a leading consolidator of lithium salars globally.
Overview
American Salars Lithium (CSE:USLI,OTC:USLIF,FWB:Z3P) is an exploration-stage company focused on acquiring, developing and monetizing lithium brine projects across the Americas. With a strong emphasis on low-cost entry and resource expansion, the company is executing a disciplined strategy to build a portfolio of scalable assets in highly strategic jurisdictions.
Salar de Pocitos
At the core of American Salars’ strategy is the belief that lithium demand—driven by both electric vehicles and emerging stationary storage applications—will surge in the coming years. The company is positioning itself now to benefit from a long-term price recovery, focusing on assets that are attractive to major producers and investors.
Unlike many junior miners that pivot with market fads, American Salars has remained laser-focused on lithium since inception. The company is not built for short-term trading but for long-term investors seeking exposure to a growing portfolio of lithium salars with eventual exit potential.
American Salars is executing a focused, value-driven strategy designed to maximize returns for shareholders through disciplined asset acquisition, resource growth and positioning for future monetization. The company’s approach to lithium investing involves acquiring undervalued assets during market downturns with the objective of capitalizing on future price recoveries. This opportunistic acquisition model allows the company to secure high-potential projects at low entry costs while minimizing dilution and preserving capital.
The company prioritizes lithium brine projects due to their lower development costs, faster resource delineation, and smaller environmental footprint. Its assets provide a foundation for scalable resource development through targeted drilling, advanced aquifer modeling, and ongoing environmental permitting. By focusing on brines, American Salars can efficiently build a strong, technically de-risked project pipeline with lower exploration overhead. Ultimately, American Salars is building its portfolio with a clear path to strategic exits.
Company Highlights
- American Salars Lithium is taking advantage of depressed lithium prices to acquire undervalued assets with long-term scalability and world-class exit potential. The company targets assets with clear upside potential, particularly in brine-rich jurisdictions like Argentina and Nevada.
- The company’s holdings include four lithium projects: Salar de Pocitos (Argentina), Black Rock South (Nevada, USA), Jaguaribe Pegmatite (Brazil), and the Quebec Lithium Portfolio (Canada).
- Located in the Lithium Triangle of Salta, Argentina, the flagship Pocitos 1 is an 800-hectare brine project shares a 760,000-tonne inferred lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) resource and excellent expansion potential.
- Brine-based lithium resources offer lower environmental impact, faster resource delineation, and reduced development costs compared to hard rock alternatives.
- Several of the company’s team members have been involved in multi-million-dollar lithium asset sales. Recent deals in the region (e.g., Alpha Lithium, Neo Lithium, Arcadium) provide a roadmap for monetization.
Key Projects
Salar de Pocitos
Salar de Pocitos is American Salars Lithium’s flagship asset, located in Argentina’s lithium-rich Puna region in Salta Province. The Pocitos 1 block covers 800 hectares and has demonstrated significant brine potential through past drilling and testing campaigns. The property shares a 760,000-ton inferred lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) resource, though it's important to note that this resource estimate was derived from earlier drilling and included Pocitos 2, which American Salars does not own. However, all drill holes contributing to that estimate were located within Pocitos 1, where the company holds 100 percent ownership. Drilling has intersected aquifers at depths ranging between 365 to 407 meters, with lithium concentrations up to 169 parts per million (ppm). Notably, strong brine flow rates were sustained for over five hours, and core sample porosity tests returned excellent values between 6 percent and 14 percent.Ekosolve pilot plant testing on brines from Pocitos 1 produced lithium carbonate at 99.89 percent purity with recovery rates of 94.9 percent, confirming the extractive potential of the salar. The project’s high lithium concentrations within a compact footprint present compelling scalability potential, and American Salars is actively pursuing an expanded land position to increase its overall brine resource base. Environmental baseline studies are underway in preparation for a future production scenario. An updated NI 43-101 compliant resource estimate is also anticipated as part of the company’s near-term development strategy.
With strong local partnerships and a seasoned team of lithium veterans on the ground, Pocitos stands out as one of the most promising early-stage brine assets in Argentina. The Company signed a letter of intent on March 3rd 2025 to acquire an additional 13,080 hectares on the salar.
Black Rock South
The Black Rock South project is located in the Black Rock Desert basin in Nevada, USA. The Black Rock Desert region is known for geothermal activity and proximity to established lithium operations, such as Albemarle’s Silver Peak Mine—the only currently producing lithium brine operation in North America. American Salars’ property is strategically situated just 72 miles north of Tesla’s Gigafactory and 93 miles southwest of Thacker Pass, placing it in a geopolitically important supply zone for US battery manufacturing.
The project consists of a large sedimentary basin with known geothermal activity, indicating the potential for a brine-hosted lithium aquifer at depth. A 2024 soil sampling program returned 33 of 38 samples with lithium values above 100 ppm, including a peak of 180.5 ppm and an average of 131 ppm. These values trended in a northeast direction, suggesting structural controls that could host lithium-enriched aquifers.
An NI 43-101 report has been completed, and the company is now evaluating geophysical programs and structural modeling to define high-certainty drill targets. Depths to target aquifers are anticipated to be 800 to 1,000 meters, requiring significant capital investment. To address water usage concerns, the company is exploring the use of direct lithium extraction (DLE) technologies, which offer lower environmental impact by returning processed water to the aquifer.
Jaguaribe
Located in the northern coastal state of Ceará, Brazil, the Jaguaribe project spans 18,083 hectares and targets lithium-bearing LCT (lithium-cesium-tantalum) pegmatites. This historically artisanal mining district has previously produced lithium, coltan (niobium-tantalum) and tin. Recent Phase 1 surface exploration by American Salars identified multiple wide pegmatite dykes of up to 30 meters in width and 300 meters in length, indicating a robust and laterally continuous system.Initial geochemical assays returned lithium oxide grades of up to 3.72 percent, 2.15 percent and 1.58 percent, alongside notable concentrations of cesium (554.5 ppm), tantalum (135 ppm) and niobium (177 ppm). These high-grade surface samples confirm Jaguaribe’s potential as a high-impact, hard-rock lithium project in a jurisdiction with favorable mining laws and growing lithium sector interest. The company plans to conduct detailed mapping, channel sampling and geophysical surveys to define drill-ready targets. The scale, grade and historic mining context make Jaguaribe American Salars’ top-ranked hard rock project.
Quebec Lithium Portfolio
American Salars controls three hard rock lithium exploration properties in Quebec, Canada: Xenia West & East, Lac Simard South, and Leduc East, together totaling over 11,500 hectares. These properties are located in proximity to well-known lithium districts, including Sayona Mining's and Brunswick Exploration’s land holdings. The Xenia projects, comprising 92 claims (5,382 ha), are located 30 km southeast of Val-d’Or and lie within the Pontiac Geological Subprovince, known for its lithium-rich pegmatites.
Lac Simard South, spanning 80 km southwest of Sayona’s Authier project, is accessible via gravel roads and logging routes, and offers excellent infrastructure for exploration and future development. Leduc East, a 6,100-hectare block north of Gatineau, is the most recently acquired and sits in a highly prospective greenstone belt. While these assets are still in early-stage development, they offer extensive historic pegmatite mapping, cost-effective acquisition history, and multiple targets identified from legacy data.
The company plans to execute low-cost sampling and reconnaissance work in the near term to add value and keep the claims in good standing. Given the surge in M&A activity across Quebec’s lithium belt, this portfolio offers substantial optionality.
Management Team
Nick Horsley – President, CEO and Director
Nicke Horsley has more than 19 years of experience in public markets, M&A and resource development. He is the founder of American Salars and is deeply aligned with shareholders.
Christopher Cooper – Director
Christopher Cooper is a former director at Alpha Lithium, which was acquired for over $300 million. He has extensive experience in lithium exits and corporate development.
Rodney Campbell – Director
Rodney Campbell has extensive experience in oil and gas and capital markets, with strong institutional connections.
Daryn Gordon – CFO
Daryn Gordon is an experienced chief financial officer with more than 20 years in audit and financial services, specializing in Canadian junior mining companies.
David Guerrero – Argentina Advisor
David Guerrero is the former country manager for Alpha Lithium. He has deep in-country expertise in Argentina and extensive lithium development experience.
Phillip Thomas – Qualified Person (Argentina)
Phillip Thomas has over 20 years’ experience in lithium brine geology. He was previously involved with Rincon, Pozuelos and other major Argentine salars.
William Feyerabend – Qualified Person (Nevada)
William Feyerabend is an expert in lithium exploration and technical reports across Nevada and Latin America.
Mitchell Lavery – Qualified Person (Quebec)
Mitchell Lavery is a veteran geologist with over 40 years of experience across gold, base metals and lithium in Canada.
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07 April
Lithium Market Update: Q1 2025 in Review
The global lithium market experienced a significant downturn during the first quarter of 2025, with some price segments falling to four year lows. Persistent oversupply and weaker-than-anticipated demand, particularly from the electric vehicle (EV) sector, prevented any market gains over the three month period.
After starting the year at a steady pace, the lithium carbonate CIF North Asia price fell below US$9,550 per metric ton in February, its lowest point since 2021. Its downward trend has triggered more production cuts and project delays among major producers, especially in Australia and China, as companies seek to balance the market.
With prices well off highs seen in 2021 and 2022, analysts are suggesting that these adjustments may signal a market bottom, with projections indicating a potential shift to a lithium supply deficit as early as 2026.
Lithium market continuing to rebalance
Over the last five years, annual global lithium carbonate production has ballooned, rising from 82,000 metric tons in 2020 to 240,000 metric tons in 2024, representing a 192 percent increase.
As output more than doubled, demand failed to keep pace, leading to massive market oversupply.
In a February report, Fastmarkets analysts note that the lithium market saw an estimated surplus of 175,000 metric tons in 2023 and 154,000 metric tons in 2024.
The firm expects this surplus to continue contracting in 2025, with experts anticipating a much tighter balance ahead. They see a surplus of just 10,000 metric tons in 2025 followed by a 1,500 metric ton deficit in 2026.
This sentiment was echoed by Adam Webb, head of battery raw materials at Benchmark Mineral Intelligence, during a market overview at the Benchmark Summit, held in Toronto in early March.
“We're expecting this year for the market to remain in surplus,” he said. A 2025 surplus paired with high inventory levels from the previous two years is expected to impede price movement.
“Our expectation for this year is that lithium carbonate prices will remain about where they are, US$10,400 per metric ton,” Webb told attendees. “But if we look further ahead, from 2026 onwards, that market is switching into the deficit, albeit quite small to start with, and that will end up being supportive of prices.”
As Webb explained, prices need to find some support because current levels are unsustainable.
“I think we've more or less hit the bottom,” he said told the audience while pointing to a chart showcasing the all-in sustaining cost curve for lithium in 2025. Webb added that at the current price level of US$10,400 per metric ton, "about a third of the industry currently is not profitable. So prices can't move much lower, because that's going to put even more production under pressure, and you can see more supply come offline."
Stifled, stranded and shuttered supply
The sharp decline in lithium prices has already compelled various lithium-mining companies to curtail production, delay expansion plans and implement workforce reductions.
In August 2024, Pilbara Minerals (ASX:PLS,OTC Pink:PILBF) reported an 89 percent year-on-year drop in annual net income and deferred plans to create the world's largest lithium mine. The company also said it would reduce its capital expenditures to between AU$615 million and AU$685 million for the current financial year.
This past February, Albemarle (NYSE:ALB) halted expansion plans for its Kemerton plant in Western Australia and mothballed its Chengdu lithium hydroxide plant in China, citing prolonged low prices. The company also reduced its 2025 capital expenditure forecast by US$100 million, to US$700 million to US$800 million.
Additionally, Mineral Resources (ASX:MIN,OTC Pink:MALRF) mothballed its Bald Hill operations in December, and Liontown Resources (ASX:LTR) has scaled back its production targets for the Kathleen Valley lithium project in response to prolonged low lithium prices. The company now plans to reach a production rate of 2.8 million metric tons per year by the end of its 2027 fiscal year — pushing back its earlier goal of hitting 3 million metric tons by Q1 2025.
The broad market weakness in the lithium sector has also led to some deals.
In early March, mining major Rio Tinto (ASX:RIO,NYSE:RIO,LSE:RIO) completed its US$6.7 billion purchase of Arcadium Lithium. Through the deal, Rio Tinto has acquired several lithium carbonate projects in Argentina, as well as lithium hydroxide production capacity in the US, Japan and China. The company is aiming to increase its lithium carbonate equivalent production capacity to over 200,000 metric tons annually by 2028.
Also in March, Lithium Americas (TSX:LAC,NYSE:LAC) secured a US$250 million investment from Orion Resource Partners to support the development and construction of Phase 1 of its Thacker Pass lithium project in Nevada.
The funding package is expected to fully cover project and corporate costs through the construction phase, with completion of Phase 1 targeted for late 2027.
Earlier in the quarter, Standard Lithium (TSXV:SLI,NYSE:A:SLI) and Equinor (NYSE:EQNR) announced that their joint venture, SWA Lithium, had received a US$225 million grant from the US Department of Energy. The funding is earmarked for the construction of Phase 1 of the South West Arkansas lithium project.
Battery sector growth key to long-term lithium recovery
The largest factor behind lithium market oversupply has been the gap between projected and actual EV demand. Ambitious projections about EV adoption through the 2020s led producers to ramp up lithium output in anticipation of a surge in EV sales; however, EV adoption has been slower than expected, leading to excess supply.
“(In 2024), EV growth was slower than had been expected, but actually it still grew significantly globally,” said Webb. “But there were really important regional differences in that growth.” He went on to explain that China’s EV market saw a 36 percent year-on-year increase, with plug-in hybrids making up 40 percent of sales.
In contrast, EV sales in Europe declined by 4 percent, largely due to subsidy cuts in Germany. North America experienced 8 percent growth, albeit from a smaller base, Webb added.
“China will remain the biggest growth market (over the next decade),” he said. “But in the EU we're expecting six times the number of sales in 10 years, and here in North America seven times.”
The lithium market is also expected to benefit from higher energy storage system demand, which is set to increase from US$251.14 billion in 2024 to US$271.73 billion in 2025. In 2024, the energy storage system segment contributed to a 28 percent year-on-year increase in battery demand, according to the Benchmark analyst.
“Looking out 10 years, it's still quite a rosy picture, really — a 15 percent CAGR out to 2035 — and that translates to more demand for the raw materials that go into these batteries,” said Webb.
Additionally, this expansion has been impacted by economies of scale, which have sent battery cell prices to record lows — they averaged US$73 per kilowatt-hour in 2023 and hit US$63.50 kilowatt-hour in December.
Reduced battery costs could offer long-term support to the demand narrative by helping to drive down the cost of EVs and energy storage systems.
Energy storage demand a potential major catalyst
The rapid growth in energy storage was also underscored by Ernie Ortiz, president and CEO of Lithium Royalty (TSX:LIRC,OTC Pink:LITRF) and a panelist at the Benchmark Summit.
When asked if there will be enough future supply to meet demand projections, Ortiz was optimistic.
“I do think there will be enough supply, but at a price,” he said.
“So you need prices to rise in order to incentivize that new supply response.”
He went on to explain that in 2025, lithium supply growth is projected at approximately 17 percent, but with energy storage demand potentially doubling, that sector alone could absorb the expected supply increase. When combined with rising EV demand, much of the additional supply may be consumed, potentially reducing inventory levels by year end.
“Then you probably incentivize some of the care-and-maintenance assets,” said Ortiz. “But then you look at 2026 and 2027, and there's a very limited investment for greenfield assets.”
Long-term lithium price outlook
Benchmark has pegged the CAGR of the lithium market at 12 percent over the next 10 years, although this could be impeded due to the amount of project delays and shutterings. In the long term, the metals consultancy and pricing firm is also projecting a significant gap between projected demand and currently financed supply.
Webb explained that unfunded projects and future yet-to-be-identified greenfield developments together represent 1.3 million metric tons of lithium carbonate equivalent that the market will need.
“For those projects to be incentivized, prices have to rise,” said Webb. “Our long-term incentive price for lithium is US$21,000 per metric ton. So prices will have to rise in the longer term for lithium.”
Don't forget to follow us @INN_Resource for real-time updates!
Securities Disclosure: I, Georgia Williams, hold no direct investment interest in any company mentioned in this article.
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04 April
CEOL Application Process Update
CleanTech Lithium PLC (AIM: CTL), a lithium exploration and development company operating in Chile, further to its announcement on 15 January 2025 ("Application RNS"), provides an update regarding the Special Lithium Operating Contract ("CEOL") application process for the Laguna Verde project.
As outlined in the Application RNS, the Company expected the simplified procedure for the CEOL Award Mechanism to be as follows: Submission of applications closed on 31 January 2025 following which the Ministry IT and legal departments had 5 business days to register and organise the submittal. The Ministry´s Lithium and Salar Unit then has 45 business days to review and analyse the request. Once this analysis is completed and the Lithium and Salar Unit verifies that all the information and documents needed to enter the simplified procedure have been submitted then an administrative act to accept the application will be made.
This timetable indicated that an update from the Government was expected at the beginning of April confirming which applicants will enter direct negotiation on the CEOL with the Ministry. So far, no such update has been made and following recent discussions between CleanTech Lithium and the Ministry, the Company understands that the administration process is still progressing for all applicants. The Company will inform the market as soon as official communication is received.
Steve Kesler, Executive Chairman and Interim CEO, CleanTech Lithium said:
"Clearly, the process is taking a little longer than we had initially anticipated but we look forward to the response when the Ministry has completed its review process."
For further information contact: | |
CleanTech Lithium PLC | |
Steve Kesler/Gordon Stein/Nick Baxter | Jersey office: +44 (0) 1534 668 321 Chile office: +562-32239222 |
Beaumont Cornish Limited (Nominated Adviser) Roland Cornish/Asia Szusciak | +44 (0) 20 7628 3396 |
Fox-Davies Capital Limited (Joint Broker) Daniel Fox-Davies | +44 (0) 20 3884 8450 |
Canaccord Genuity (Joint Broker) James Asensio | +44 (0) 20 7523 4680 |
Beaumont Cornish Limited ("Beaumont Cornish") is the Company's Nominated Adviser and is authorised and regulated by the FCA. Beaumont Cornish's responsibilities as the Company's Nominated Adviser, including a responsibility to advise and guide the Company on its responsibilities under the AIM Rules for Companies and AIM Rules for Nominated Advisers, are owed solely to the London Stock Exchange. Beaumont Cornish is not acting for and will not be responsible to any other persons for providing protections afforded to customers of Beaumont Cornish nor for advising them in relation to the proposed arrangements described in this announcement or any matter referred to in it.
Notes
CleanTech Lithium (AIM:CTL) is an exploration and development company advancing lithium projects in Chile for the clean energy transition. Committed to net-zero, CleanTech Lithium's mission is to scale battery grade lithium at its flagship project, Laguna Verde, using Direct Lithium Extraction technology powered by renewable energy.
CleanTech Lithium is committed to utilising Direct Lithium Extraction ("DLE") with reinjection of spent brine resulting in no aquifer depletion. Direct Lithium Extraction is a transformative technology which removes lithium from brine with higher recoveries, short development lead times and no extensive evaporation pond construction. For more information, please visit: www.ctlithium.com
Click here for the full release
This article includes content from Cleantech Lithium PLC, licensed for the purpose of publishing on Investing News Australia. This article does not constitute financial product advice. It is your responsibility to perform proper due diligence before acting upon any information provided here. Please refer to our full disclaimer here.
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