Aurora Cannabis Announces Fiscal 2021 Fourth Quarter Results

 
 

NASDAQ | TSX: ACB

 
  •    #1 Canadian LP in Global Medical Cannabis; Total Medical Cannabis Net Revenue Rose 9% Compared to Prior Year; Strong Adjusted Gross Margin before FVA of 68%   
  •  
  •    Business Transformation Plan on Track; Reiterates Annual Cost Savings of $60 Million to $80 Million , Providing Clear Pathway to Adjusted EBITDA Profitability   
  •  
  •    Balance Sheet Remains Strong with $440.9 Million of Cash at June 30, 2021 ; Working Capital Improves by $404.3 Million Compared to Prior Year   
  •  
  •    Adjusted EBITDA Loss, Excluding Restructuring Costs, Narrows to      $13.9 Million , a $17.6 Million Improvement Compared     to Prior Year   
  •  
  •    Total Cannabis Net Revenue, Net of Provisions, of $54.8 Million Compared to $55.2 Million in the Prior Quarter, and $67.5 Million in the Year-Ago Period   
  •  

 Aurora Cannabis Inc. (the "Company" or "Aurora") (NASDAQ: ACB) (TSX: ACB), the Canadian company defining the future of cannabinoids worldwide, today announced its financial and operational results for the fourth quarter and full year fiscal 2021 ended June 30, 2021 .

 
 

  Aurora Cannabis Logo (CNW Group/Aurora Cannabis Inc.) 

 
 

"We are very pleased with our strategic and financial progress in growing our high-margin medical revenue, rationalizing expenses, strengthening our balance sheet, and reducing our cash burn during fiscal year 2021. Given ongoing challenges in the Canadian adult recreational market, our broad diversification across domestic medical, international medical, and adult recreational segments provides us with underlying strength, stability, and growth opportunities in an evolving industry for global cannabinoids. Additionally, our enviable leadership position as the #1 Canadian LP in global medical cannabis by revenue on a trailing twelve-month basis, supported by regulatory and compliance expertise, is a tailwind that we expect to enable us to ultimately expand into global adult recreational as medical regimes evolve" stated Miguel Martin , Chief Executive Officer of Aurora Cannabis.

 

"During the quarter, we delivered another strong yet steady performance in domestic medical, the largest federally regulated medical market globally, exceptional year-over-year growth in our high-margin international medical segment, where we remain the #2 Canadian LP by revenue on a trailing twelve-month basis, and quarterly sequential growth in adult recreational which included higher sales of premium cultivars. We are now delighted to announce a long-term supply agreement with Cantek in Israel that we expect to provide us with a steady stream of high-margin revenue that could also evolve into a larger partnership over time. We further believe our Canadian adult recreational segment is poised for recovery due to our product portfolio enhancements coupled with an acceleration of new store openings and rising consumer demand," he continued.

 

"We have positioned ourselves for long-term success by delivering further improvement in our industry-leading Adjusted gross margin and substantially narrowing our Adjusted EBITDA loss compared to the year-ago period. With annual cost savings of approximately $60 to $80 million across selling, general and administrative ("SG&A"), production cost, facility and logistic expenses, we have a clear pathway to achieve Adjusted EBITDA profitability. Importantly, our considerable cash balance of $440.9 million , substantial improvement in working capital, and strong balance sheet support our organic growth and can be utilized for opportunistic M&A, particularly in the U.S," he concluded.

 

  Fourth Quarter 2021 Highlights
  (Unless otherwise stated, comparisons are made between fiscal Q4 2021 and Q4 2020 results and are in Canadian dollars)  

 

   Medical cannabis:   

 
  • Medical cannabis net revenue 1 was $35.0 million , a 9% increase from the prior year period. The increase was primarily attributable to continued growth in the international medical business, 88% over the prior year comparative period, as the Company continued to grow new, high margin medical markets.
  •  
  • Adjusted gross margin before fair value adjustments on medical cannabis net revenue 1 was 68% versus 64% in the prior year, as a result of overall reduction in production costs due to the closure of non-core facilities as part of our business transformation plan and higher sales coming from our international sales, which yield higher margins.
  •  

   Consumer cannabis:   

 
  • Consumer cannabis net revenue 1 was $19.5 million ( $20.2 million excluding provisions), a 45% decrease from $35.3 million ( $37.1 million excluding provisions) in the prior year. This was due primarily to a reduction in orders from Provinces in response to slower consumer demand, reflecting the impact of lockdown restrictions related to COVID-19. Sequentially, consumer cannabis net revenue increased 8% over the prior quarter mainly due to completion of the transition of our fixed sales force to Great North and a $2.5 million reduction in actual net returns, price adjustments and provisions as the company completed its product swap initiative to replace low quality product with higher potency product at the provinces.
  •  
  • Adjusted gross margin before fair value adjustments on consumer cannabis net revenue[1] was 31% vs 36% in the prior year period. This was primarily driven by an increase in cost of sales due to under-utilized capacity at Aurora Sky as a result of the scaling back production (expected to partially reverse in future quarters), offset by an increase in the consumer cannabis sales mix attributed to our core and premium brands, contributing to an increase in our average net selling price per gram of dried cannabis.
  •  

   Consolidated:   

 
  • Adjusted gross margin before fair value adjustments on cannabis net revenue1 was 54% in Q4 2021 versus 49% in the prior year period and 44% in Q3 2021. The increase in Adjusted gross margin compared to Q4 2020 is due primarily to a shift in sales mix towards the medical market which commands higher average net selling prices and margins.
  •  
  • Adjusted EBITDA 1 loss improved to $19.3 million in Q4 2021 ( $13.9 million loss excluding restructuring charges) compared to the prior year Adjusted EBITDA loss 1 of $33.3 million ( $31.5 million loss excluding restructuring charges) primarily driven by the substantial decrease in SG&A and R&D expenses and an increase in gross margins.
  •  
  • Q4 2021 total cannabis net revenue 1 was $54.8 million , essentially flat sequentially, and a 19% decrease in over fiscal Q4 of the prior year.
  •  
  • Reflecting the shift in mix toward our medical businesses, the Q4 2021 average net selling price per gram of dried cannabis 1 increased to $5.11 per gram from $3.60 in Q4 2020 and $5.00 in Q3 2021. This excludes the impact of bulk wholesale of excess mid-potency cannabis flower at clear-out pricing.
  •  

   Selling, General and Administrative ("SG&A")     :   

 
  • SG&A, including Research and Development ("R&D"), was $44.8 million , excluding $5.2 million in severance and restructuring costs ( $49.9 million reported), down $19.1 million or 30% from the prior year as a result of our business transformation plan.
  •  

   Operational Efficiency Plan, Balance Sheet Strength, & Working Capital Improvement   

 

Aurora has identified cash savings of $60 million to $80 million . We expect to deliver $30 million to $40 million of annualized cash savings within the next year, and the remainder by the end of Q2 fiscal 2023.

 
 
   
 

  ___________________________________  

 
 

   1  

 
 

  These terms are non-GAAP measures, see "Non-GAAP Measures" below.  

 
 
 

Approximately 60% of the savings are expected to be driven out of our network through asset consolidation, and operational and supply chain efficiencies. In fact, last week we announced the centralization of much of our Canadian manufacturing processes to our River facility in Bradford, Ontario and the resultant closure of our western Canada manufacturing facility. The remaining 40% of savings are intended to be sourced through SG&A a portion of those savings will be via insurance structures that are already partially executed.

 

These cash savings will be reflected in our P&L either as they occur for SG&A savings, or as inventory is drawn down for production-related savings.  These efficiencies are incremental to the approximately $300 million of total cost reductions achieved since the announcement of the Company's business transformation plan in February 2020 .

 

Aurora materially improved its balance sheet during fiscal year 2021 through a number of purposeful actions including repaying the credit facility in full in June 2021 , which resulted in interest and principal repayment reductions of approximately $25 million annually. The Company views a strong balance sheet as critical to operating the business, executing its strategic plans, and pursuing growth opportunities in an unconstrained manner, including within the U.S.

 

At June 30, 2021 Aurora has a cash balance of approximately $440.9 million , comprised of $421.5 million of cash and cash equivalents and $19.4 million in restricted cash, no secured term debt, and access to US$1 billion of capital under its shelf prospectus.

 

The Company's focus on realizing operational efficiencies and ability to manage cash has greatly improved operating cash flow; reducing the need for incremental capital. In Q4 2021, Aurora managed cash flow tightly using $7.8 million in cash to fund operations, including working capital investments and restructuring and severance payments of $5.1 million . Cash inflow from capital expenditures, net of $17.5 million disposals and government grant income, in Q4 2021 was $6.2 million versus $32.8 million of cash used in Q4 2020 and $12.2 million of cash used in Q3 2021. Cash used in operations and for capital expenditures are crucial metrics in Aurora's drive toward generating sustainable positive free cash flow, and both have improved significantly over the past year. The Company's ongoing business transformation, with the additional cost efficiency savings described earlier, is expected to move the operating cash flow metric in a positive direction over the coming quarters.

 

   Fiscal Q4 2021 Cash Use   

 

The main components of cash source and use in Q4 2021 were as follows:

 
 
                                                            
 

   ($ thousands)   

 
 

   Q4 2021   

 
 

   Q4 2020 (4)   

 
 

   Q3 2021 (4)   

 
 

   Cash Flow   

 
 
 
 
 

   Cash, Opening   

 
 

   $520,238   

 
 

   $230,208   

 
 

   $434,386   

 
 
 
 
 
 

  Cash used in operations including working
capital
 

 
 

  ($7,840)  

 
 

  ($64,199)  

 
 

  ($66,215)  

 
 

  Capital expenditures, net of disposals and
government grant income
 

 
 

  $6,230  

 
 

  ($32,789)  

 
 

  ($12,320)  

 
 

  Debt and interest payments  

 
 

  ($90,141) (3)  

 
 

  ($52,979)  

 
 

  ($7,766)  

 
 

  Cash use  

 
 

  ($91,751)  

 
 

  ($149,967)  

 
 

  ($86,301)  

 
 
 
 
 
 

  Proceeds raised from sale of marketable
securities and investments in associates
 

 
 

  11,929  

 
 

  33,673  

 
 

  $-  

 
 

  Proceeds raised through debt  

 
 

  -  

 
 

  -  

 
 

  -  

 
 

  Proceeds raised through equity financing  

 
 

  $435  

 
 

  $48,265  

 
 

  $172,153 (1)  

 
 

  Cash raised  

 
 

  $12,364  

 
 

  $81,938  

 
 

  $172,153  

 
 
 
 
 
 

   Cash, Ending   

 
 

   $440,851   

 
 

   $162,179   

 
 

   $520,238 (2)   

 
 
 
 
        
 

   (1)  

 
 

  Includes impact of foreign exchange rates on USD cash raised from financing  

 
 

   (2)  

 
 

  Includes restricted cash of $50.0M for Q3 2021 held as cash collateral under the BMO Credit Facility.  

 
 

   (3)  

 
 

  Includes $88.7 million full principal repayment on the BMO Credit Facility. As of June 30, 2021, the BMO Credit Facility has been fully settled and discharged.  

 
 

   (4)  

 
 

  Previously reported amounts have been retroactively recast for the biological assets and inventory non-material prior period error. Refer to the " Significant Accounting Policies and Judgments " section in Note 2(h) of the Financial Statements.  

 
 
 

Refer to the "Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows" in the "Consolidated Financial Statements" for our cash flow statements prepared in accordance with IAS 7 – Statement of Cash Flows.

 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 

   ($ thousands, except Operational Results)   

 
 

   Q4 2021   

 
 

   Q4 2020 (5)(6)   

 
 

   $ Change   

 
 

   % Change   

 
 

   Q3 2021 (5)(6)   

 
 

   $ Change   

 
 

   % Change   

 
 

   Financial Results   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  Total net revenue (1)  

 
 

  $54,825  

 
 
 

  $68,426  

 
 
 

  ($13,601)  

 
 
 

  (20)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  $55,161  

 
 
 

  ($336)  

 
 
 

  (1)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  Cannabis net revenue (1)(2a)  

 
 

  $54,825  

 
 
 

  $67,492  

 
 
 

  ($12,667)  

 
 
 

  (19)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  $55,161  

 
 
 

  ($336)  

 
 
 

  (1)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  Medical cannabis net revenue (2a)  

 
 

  $35,022  

 
 
 

  $32,226  

 
 
 

  $2,796  

 
 
 

  9  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  $36,378  

 
 
 

  ($1,356)  

 
 
 

  (4)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  Consumer cannabis net revenue (1)(2a)  

 
 

  $19,514  

 
 
 

  $35,266  

 
 
 

  ($15,752)  

 
 
 

  (45)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  $18,023  

 
 
 

  $1,491  

 
 
 

  8  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  Adjusted gross margin before FV adjustments
on cannabis net revenue (2b)
 

 
 

  54  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  49  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  N/A  

 
 

  5  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  44  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  N/A  

 
 

  10  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  Adjusted gross margin before FV adjustments
on medical cannabis net revenue (2b)
 

 
 

  68  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  64  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  N/A  

 
 

  4  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  53  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  N/A  

 
 

  15  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  Adjusted gross margin before FV adjustments
on consumer cannabis net revenue (2b)
 

 
 

  31  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  36  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  N/A  

 
 

  (5)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  33  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  N/A  

 
 

  (2)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  SG&A expense  

 
 

  $46,902  

 
 
 

  $57,969  

 
 
 

  ($11,067)  

 
 
 

  (19)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  $41,684  

 
 
 

  $5,218  

 
 
 

  13  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  R&D expense  

 
 

  $3,034  

 
 
 

  $7,645  

 
 
 

  ($4,611)  

 
 
 

  (60)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  $3,398  

 
 
 

  ($364)  

 
 
 

  (11)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  Adjusted EBITDA (2c)  

 
 

  ($19,256)  

 
 
 

  ($33,349)  

 
 
 

  $14,093  

 
 
 

  42  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  ($23,853)  

 
 
 

  $4,597  

 
 
 

  19  

 
 

  %  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

   Balance Sheet   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  Working capital  

 
 

  $549,517  

 
 
 

  $145,258  

 
 
 

  $404,259  

 
 
 

  278  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  $646,310  

 
 
 

  ($96,793)  

 
 
 

  (15)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  Cannabis inventory and biological assets (3) (2)(3)(7)  

 
 

  $120,297  

 
 
 

  $135,973  

 
 
 

  ($15,676)  

 
 
 

  (12)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  $102,637  

 
 
 

  $17,660  

 
 
 

  17  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  Total assets  

 
 

  $2,604,731  

 
 
 

  $2,779,921  

 
 
 

  ($175,190)  

 
 
 

  (6)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  $2,839,155  

 
 
 

  ($234,424)  

 
 
 

  (8)  

 
 

  %  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

   Operational Results – Cannabis   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  Average net selling price of dried cannabis
excluding bulk sales (2)
 

 
 

  $5.11  

 
 
 

  $3.60  

 
 
 

  $1.51  

 
 
 

  42  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  $5.00  

 
 
 

  $0.11  

 
 
 

  2  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  Kilograms sold (4)  

 
 

  11,346  

 
 
 

  16,748  

 
 
 

  (5,402)  

 
 
 

  (32)  

 
 

  %  

 
 

  13,520  

 
 
 

  (2,174)  

 
 
 

  (16)  

 
 

  %  

 
 
 

 

 
 
                  
 

   (1)  

 
 

  Includes the impact of actual and expected product returns and price adjustments (Q4 2021 - $0.7 million; Q3 2021 - $3.2 million; Q4 2020 - $1.9 million).  

 
 

   (2)  

 
 

  These terms are defined in the " Cautionary Statement Regarding Certain Non-GAAP Performance Measures " of the MD&A. Refer to the following MD&A sections for reconciliation of non-GAAP measures to the IFRS equivalent measure:  

 
 
 

   a. Refer to the " Revenue " section for a reconciliation of cannabis net revenue to the IFRS equivalent.  

 
 
 

   b. Refer to the " Cost of Sales and Gross Margin " section for reconciliation to the IFRS equivalent.  

 
 
 

   c. Refer to the " Adjusted EBITDA" section for reconciliation to the IFRS equivalent.  

 
 

   (3)  

 
 

  Represents total biological assets and cannabis inventory, exclusive of merchandise, accessories, supplies and consumables.  

 
 

   (4)  

 
 

  The kilograms sold is offset by the grams returned during the period.  

 
 

   (5)  

 
 

  As a result of the Company's dissolution and divestment of its wholly owned subsidiaries, Hempco Food and Fiber Inc. ("Hempco"), Aurora Larssen Projects ("ALPS"), Aurora Hemp Europe ("AHE"), the operations of Hempco, ALPS and AHE have been presented as discontinued operations and the Company's operational results have been retroactively restated, as required. Refer to Note 12(b) of the Financial Statements for more information about the divestitures.  

 
 

   (6)  

 
 

  Amounts have been retroactively recast for the biological assets and inventory non-material prior period error. Refer to the " Significant Accounting Policies and Judgments " section in Note 2(h) of the Financial Statements.  

 
 
 

  Conference Call  

 

Aurora will host a conference call today, September 27, 2021, to discuss these results. Miguel Martin, Chief Executive Officer, and Glen Ibbott , Chief Financial Officer, will host the call starting at 5:00 p.m. Eastern time / 3:00 p.m. Mountain Time . A question and answer session will follow management's presentation.

 

  Conference Call Details  

 
 
         
 

  DATE:  

 
 
 

  Tuesday, September 27, 2021  

 
 

  TIME:  

 
 
 

  5:00 p.m. Eastern Time | 3:00 p.m. Mountain Time  

 
 

  WEBCAST:  

 
 
 

    https://public.viavid.com/index.php?id=146159    

 
 
 

Investors may submit questions in advance or during the conference call itself through same weblink listed above. This weblink has also been posted to the Company's "Investor Info" link at https://investor.auroramj.com/ under "News & Events".

 

  About Aurora  

 

Aurora is a global leader in the cannabis industry serving both the medical and consumer markets. Headquartered in Edmonton, Alberta , Aurora is a pioneer in global cannabis dedicated to helping people improve their lives. The Company's brand portfolio includes Aurora, Aurora Drift, San Rafael '71, Daily Special, MedReleaf, CanniMed, Whistler, and Reliva CBD. Driven by science and innovation, and with a focus on high-quality cannabis products, Aurora's brands continue to break through as industry leaders in the medical, performance, wellness and adult recreational markets wherever they are launched. For more information, please visit our website at www.auroramj.com .

 

Aurora's common shares trade on the NASDAQ and TSX under the symbol "ACB" and is a constituent of the S&P/TSX Composite Index.

 

  Forward Looking Statements  

 

This news release contains certain statements which may constitute "forward-looking information" and "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Canadian securities law requirements (collectively, "forward-looking statements"). These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this news release and the Company does not intend, and does not assume any obligation, to update these forward-looking statements, except as required under applicable securities legislation. Forward-looking statements relate to future events or future performance and reflect Company management's expectations or beliefs regarding future events. In certain cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as "plans", "expects" or "does not expect", "is expected", "budget", "scheduled", "estimates", "forecasts", "intends", "anticipates" or "does not anticipate", or "believes", or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results "may", "could", "would", "might" or "will be taken", "occur" or "be achieved" or the negative of these terms or comparable terminology. In this document, certain forward-looking statements are identified by words including "may", "future", "expected", "intends" and "estimates". By their very nature forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. The Company provides no assurance that forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements in this news release include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to: :

 
  • pro forma measures including revenue, Adjusted gross margin before fair value adjustments, expected SG&A run-rates, and grams produced;
  •  
  • the Company's ability to execute on its business transformation plan and path to Adjusted EBITDA profitability;
  •  
  • planned cost efficiencies, including the execution of the Company's costs savings plan, including, but not limited to, asset consolidation, supply chain efficiency and other reductions in SG&A expenses;
  •  
  • the recovery of the Company's domestic adult recreational segment;
  •  
  • growth opportunities, including the expansion into additional international adult recreational markets;
  •  
  • the continued supply of product to Israel and associated revenue growth;
  •  
  • product portfolio enhancements and innovation;
  •  
  • future strategic plans and growth, including, but not limited to, M&A in the United States ;
  •  
  • expectations regarding production capacity, costs and yields; and
  •  
  • product sales expectations and corresponding forecasted increases in revenues.
  •  

The above and other aspects of the Company's anticipated future operations are forward-looking in nature and, as a result, are subject to certain risks and uncertainties. Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, undue reliance should not be placed on them as actual results may differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are estimates reflecting the Company's best judgment based upon current information and involve a number of risks and uncertainties, and there can be no assurance that other factors will not affect the accuracy of such forward-looking statements. These risks include, but are not limited to, the ability to retain key personnel, the ability to continue investing in infrastructure to support growth, the ability to obtain financing on acceptable terms, the continued quality of our products, customer experience and retention, the development of third party government and non-government consumer  sales channels, management's estimates of consumer demand in Canada and in jurisdictions where the Company exports, expectations of future results and expenses, the availability of additional capital to complete construction projects and facilities improvements, the risk of successful integration of acquired business and operations, management's estimation that SG&A will grow only in proportion of revenue growth, the ability to expand and maintain distribution capabilities, the impact of competition, the general impact of financial market conditions, the yield from cannabis growing operations, product demand, changes in prices of required commodities, competition, and the possibility for changes in laws, rules, and regulations in the industry, epidemics, pandemics or other public health crises, including the current outbreak of COVID-19,and other risks as set out under "Risk Factors" contained herein. Readers are urged to consider the risks, uncertainties and assumptions carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements and are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such information. The Company is under no obligation, and expressly disclaims any intention or obligation, to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as expressly required by applicable securities law.

 

Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying factors or assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those described in forward looking statements. Material factors or assumptions involved in developing forward-looking statements include, without limitation, publicly available information from governmental sources as well as from market research and industry analysis and on assumptions based on data and knowledge of this industry which the Company believes to be reasonable.

 

Although the Company believes that the expectations conveyed by the forward-looking statements are reasonable based on the information available to the Company on the date hereof, no assurance can be given as to future results, approvals or achievements.  Forward-looking statements contained in this news release and in the documents incorporated by reference herein are expressly qualified by this cautionary statement.  The Company disclaims any duty to update any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this news release except as otherwise required by applicable law.

 

  Non-GAAP Measures  

 

This news release contains certain financial performance measures that are not recognized or defined under IFRS (termed "Non-GAAP Measures"). As a result, this data may not be comparable to data presented by other licensed producers of cannabis and cannabis companies. For an explanation of these measures to related comparable financial information presented in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS, refer to the discussion below. The Company believes that these Non-GAAP Measures are useful indicators of operating performance and are specifically used by management to assess the financial and operational performance of the Company. These Non-GAAP Measures include, but are not limited, to the following:

 
  • Cannabis net revenue represents revenue from the sale of cannabis products, excluding excise taxes. Cannabis net revenue is further broken down as follows:
  •  
    • Medical cannabis net revenue represents Canadian and international cannabis net revenue for medical cannabis sales only.
    •  
    • Consumer cannabis net revenue represents cannabis net revenue for consumer cannabis sales only.
    •  
    • Wholesale bulk cannabis net revenue represents cannabis net revenue for wholesale bulk cannabis only.
    •  
    • Ancillary net revenue represents non-cannabis net revenue for ancillary support functions only
    •  

Management believes the cannabis net revenue measures provide more specific information about the net revenue purely generated from our core cannabis business and by market type.

 
  • Average net selling price per gram and gram equivalent is calculated by taking cannabis net revenue and removing the impact of cost of sales net against revenue in agency relationships, which is then divided by total grams and grams equivalent of cannabis sold in the period. Average net selling price per gram and gram equivalent is further broken down as follows:
  •  
    • Average net selling price per gram of dried cannabis represents the average net selling price per gram for dried cannabis sales only, excluding wholesale bulk cannabis sold in the period.
    •  
    • Average net selling price per gram of international dried cannabis represents the average net selling price per gram for international dried cannabis sales only, excluding wholesale bulk cannabis sold in the period.
    •  
    • Average net selling price per gram and gram equivalent of Canadian medical cannabis represents the average net selling price per gram and gram equivalent for dried cannabis and cannabis derivatives sold in the Canadian medical market.
    •  
    • Average net selling price per gram and gram equivalent of medical cannabis represents the average net selling price per gram and gram equivalent for dried cannabis and cannabis derivatives sold in the medical market.
    •  
    • Average net selling price per gram and gram equivalent of consumer cannabis represents the average net selling price per gram and gram equivalent for dried cannabis and cannabis derivatives sold in the consumer market
    •  

Management believes the average net selling price per gram or gram equivalent measures provide more specific information about the pricing trends over time by product and market type. Under an agency relationship, revenue is recognized net of cost of sales in accordance with IFRS. Management believes the removal of agency cost of sales in determining the average net selling price per gram and gram equivalent is more reflective of our average net selling price generated in the marketplace.

 
  • Gross profit before FV adjustments on cannabis net revenue is calculated by subtracting (i) cost of sales, before the effects of changes in FV of biological assets and inventory, and (ii) cost of sales from non-cannabis ancillary support functions, from total cannabis net revenue. Gross margin before FV adjustments on cannabis net revenue is calculated by dividing gross profit before FV adjustments on cannabis net revenue divided by cannabis net revenue. Management believes that these measures provide useful information to assess the profitability of our cannabis operations as it excludes the effects of non-cash FV adjustments on inventory and biological assets, which are required by IFRS.
  •  
  • Adjusted gross profit before FV adjustments on cannabis net revenue represents cash gross profit and gross margin on cannabis net revenue and is calculated by subtracting from total cannabis net revenue (i) cost of sales, before the effects of changes in FV of biological assets and inventory; (ii) cost of sales from non-cannabis ancillary support functions; and removing (iii) depreciation in cost of sales; (iv) cannabis inventory impairment; and (v) out-of-period adjustments. Adjusted gross margin before FV adjustments on cannabis net revenue is calculated by dividing Adjusted gross profit before FV adjustments on cannabis net revenue divided by cannabis net revenue. Adjusted gross profit and gross margin before FV adjustments on cannabis net revenue is further broken down as follows:
  •  
    • Adjusted gross profit and gross margin before FV adjustments on medical cannabis net revenue represents gross profit and gross margin before FV adjustments on sales generated in the medical market only.
    •  
    • Adjusted gross profit and gross margin before FV adjustments on consumer cannabis net revenue represents gross profit and gross margin before FV adjustments on sales generated in the consumer market only.
    •  
    • Adjusted gross profit and gross margin before FV adjustments on wholesale bulk cannabis net revenue represents gross profit and gross margin before FV adjustments on sales generated from wholesale bulk cannabis only.
    •  
    • Adjusted gross profit and gross margin before FV adjustments on ancillary net revenue represents gross profit and gross margin before FV adjustments on sales generated from ancillary support functions onl
    •  

Management believes that these measures provide useful information to assess the profitability of our cannabis operations as it represents the cash gross profit and margin generated from cannabis operations and excludes (i) out-of-period adjustments to provide information that reflects current period results; and (ii) excludes the effects of non-cash FV adjustments on inventory and biological assets, which are required by IFRS.

 
  • Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as net income (loss) excluding interest income (expense), accretion, income taxes, depreciation, amortization, changes in fair value of inventory sold, changes in fair value of biological assets, share-based compensation, acquisition costs, foreign exchange, share of income (losses) from investment in associates, government grant income, fair value gains and losses on financial instruments, gains and losses on deemed disposal, losses on disposal of assets, restructuring charges, onerous contract provisions, out-of-period adjustments, and non-cash impairments of deposits, property, plant and equipment, equity investments, intangibles, goodwill, and other assets. Adjusted EBITDA is intended to provide a proxy for the Company's operating cash flow and is widely used by industry analysts to compare Aurora to its competitors, and derive expectations of future financial performance for Aurora, and excludes out-of-period adjustments that are not reflective of current operating results. Adjusted EBITDA increases comparability between comparative companies by eliminating variability resulting from differences in capital structures, management decisions related to resource allocation, and the impact of FV adjustments on biological assets and inventory and financial instruments, which may be volatile and fluctuate significantly from period to period.
  •  

Non-GAAP measures should be considered together with other data prepared accordance with IFRS to enable investors to evaluate the Company's operating results, underlying performance and prospects in a manner similar to Aurora's management. Accordingly, these non-GAAP measures are intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS.

 

  Reconciliation of   Non-GAAP Measures  

 

  Net Revenue  

 
 
                               
 
 
 

   Three months ended   

 
 

   June 30, 2021   

 
 

   June 30, 2020 (1)   

 
 

   March 31, 2021   

 
 

  Medical cannabis net revenue  

 
 

  35,022  

 
 

  32,226  

 
 

  36,378  

 
 

  Consumer cannabis net revenue  

 
 

  19,514  

 
 

  35,266  

 
 

  18,023  

 
 

  Wholesale bulk cannabis net revenue  

 
 

  289  

 
 

  -  

 
 

  760  

 
 

  Total cannabis net revenue  

 
 

  54,825  

 
 

  67,492  

 
 

  55,161  

 
 

  Total net revenue  

 
 

  54,825  

 
 

  68,426  

 
 

  55,161  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 

   (1)  

 
 

  As a result of the Company's dissolution and divestment of its wholly owned subsidiaries Hempco, ALPS and AHE, the operations of Hempco, ALPS and AHE have been presented as discontinued operations and the Company's results have been retroactively restated, as required. Refer to Note 12(b) of the Financial Statements for information about the divestitures.  

 
 
 

  Adjusted Gross Margin  

 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
 

   ($ thousands)   

 
 

   Medical
Cannabis
 
 

 
 

   Consumer
Cannabis
 
 

 
 

   Wholesale   

 

   Bulk Cannabis   

 
 

   Ancillary
Support
Functions
 
 

 
 

   Total   

 
 

    Three months ended June 30, 2021    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  Gross revenue  

 
 

  38,076  

 
 
 

  26,037  

 
 
 

  289  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  64,402  

 
 
 

  Excise taxes  

 
 

  (3,054)  

 
 
 

  (6,523)  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  (9,577)  

 
 
 

  Out-of-period revenue adjustments (4)  

 
 

  

 
 
 

 

 

  908  

 
 
 

 

 

  

 
 
 

 

 

  

 
 
 

 

 

  908  

 
 
 

  Net revenue  

 
 

  35,022  

 
 
 

  20,422  

 
 
 

  289  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  55,733  

 
 
 

  Cost of sales  

 
 

  (17,558)  

 
 
 

  (19,726)  

 
 
 

  (331)  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  (37,615)  

 
 
 

   Gross profit (loss) before FV adjustments (1)   

 
 

   17,464   

 
 
 

   696   

 
 
 

   (42)   

 
 
 

    

 
 
 

   18,118   

 
 
 

  Depreciation  

 
 

  5,245  

 
 
 

  3,587  

 
 
 

  40  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  8,872  

 
 
 

  Inventory impairment and out-of-period adjustments in
cost of sales (4)
 

 
 

  1,028  

 
 
 

  2,017  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

    

 
 
 

  3,045  

 
 
 

   Adjusted gross profit (loss) before FV adjustments (1)   

 
 

   23,737   

 
 
 

   6,300   

 
 
 

   (2)   

 
 
 

    

 
 
 

   30,035   

 
 
 

   Adjusted gross margin before FV adjustments (1)   

 
 

   68   

 
 

   %   

 
 

   31   

 
 

   %   

 
 

   (1)   

 
 

   %   

 
 

    

 
 

   %   

 
 

   54   

 
 

   %   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

    Three months ended June 30, 2020 (2)(3)    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  Gross revenue  

 
 

  35,494  

 
 
 

  48,299  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  934  

 
 
 

  84,727  

 
 
 

  Excise taxes  

 
 

  (3,268)  

 
 
 

  (13,033)  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  (16,301)  

 
 
 

  Net revenue  

 
 

  32,226  

 
 
 

  35,266  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  934  

 
 
 

  68,426  

 
 
 

  Cost of sales  

 
 

  (34,215)  

 
 
 

  (98,262)  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  (2,910)  

 
 
 

  (135,387)  

 
 
 

   Gross loss before FV adjustments (1)   

 
 

   (1,989)   

 
 
 

   (62,996)   

 
 
 

    

 
 
 

   (1,976)   

 
 
 

   (66,961)   

 
 
 

  Depreciation  

 
 

  3,283  

 
 
 

  4,468  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  7,751  

 
 
 

  Inventory impairment in cost of sales  

 
 

  19,248  

 
 
 

 

 

  71,331  

 
 
 

 

 

  

 
 
 

 

 

  1,177  

 
 
 

 

 

  91,756  

 
 
 

   Adjusted gross profit (loss) before FV adjustments (1)   

 
 

   20,542   

 
 
 

   12,803   

 
 
 

    

 
 
 

   (799)   

 
 
 

   32,546   

 
 
 

   Adjusted gross margin before FV adjustments (1)   

 
 

   64   

 
 

   %   

 
 

   36   

 
 

   %   

 
 

    

 
 

   %   

 
 

   (86)   

 
 

   %   

 
 

   48   

 
 

   %   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

    Three months ended March 31, 2021 (2)(3)    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  Gross revenue  

 
 

  39,457  

 
 
 

  23,828  

 
 
 

  760  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  64,045  

 
 
 

  Excise taxes  

 
 

  (3,079)  

 
 
 

  (5,805)  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  (8,884)  

 
 
 

  Net revenue  

 
 

  36,378  

 
 
 

  18,023  

 
 
 

  760  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  55,161  

 
 
 

  Cost of sales  

 
 

  (50,672)  

 
 
 

  (71,332)  

 
 
 

  (1,708)  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  (123,712)  

 
 
 

   Gross loss before FV adjustments (1)   

 
 

   (14,294)   

 
 
 

   (53,309)   

 
 
 

   (948)   

 
 
 

    

 
 
 

   (68,551)   

 
 
 

  Depreciation  

 
 

  4,107  

 
 
 

  5,781  

 
 
 

  138  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  10,026  

 
 
 

  Inventory impairment in cost of sales  

 
 

  29,466  

 
 
 

  53,446  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  

 
 
 

  82,912  

 
 
 

   Adjusted gross profit (loss) before FV adjustments (1)   

 
 

   19,279   

 
 
 

   5,918   

 
 
 

   (810)   

 
 
 

    

 
 
 

   24,387   

 
 
 

   Adjusted gross margin before FV adjustments (1)   

 
 

   53   

 
 

   %   

 
 

   33   

 
 

   %   

 
 

   (107)   

 
 

   %   

 
 

    

 
 

   %   

 
 

   44   

 
 

   %   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
 

   (1)  

 
 

  These terms are defined in the "Cautionary Statement Regarding Certain Non-GAAP Performance Measures" of the MD&A.  

 
 

   (2)  

 
 

  Amounts have been retroactively recast for the biological assets and inventory non-material prior period error. Refer to the " Significant Accounting Policies and Judgments " section in Note 2(h) of the Financial Statements.  

 
 

   (3)  

 
 

  As a result of the Company's dissolution and divestment of its wholly owned subsidiaries Hempco, ALPS and AHE, the operations of Hempco, ALPS and AHE have been presented as discontinued operations and the Company's results have been retroactively restated, as required. Refer to Note 12(b) of the Financial Statements for information about the divestitures.  

 
 

   (4)  

 
 

  Included in out-of-period adjustments is a $5.5 million Q4 2021 cost of sales adjustment related to a catch-up of prior year raw material count reconciliations and a $0.9 million out-of-period revenue adjustment to reclassify prior period rebates against net revenue.  

 
 
 

  Adjusted EBITDA  

 
 
                                                                                                                                                        
 

   ($ thousands)   

 
 

   Three months ended   

 
 

   Year ended   

 
 

   June 30, 2021   

 
 

   March 31, 2021 (1)(2)   

 
 

   June 30, 2020 (1)(2)   

 
 

   June 30, 2021   

 
 

   June 30, 2020 (1)(2)   

 
 

  Net (loss) income from continuing operations  

 
 

  (133,969)  

 
 

  (160.625)  

 
 

  (1,843,978)  

 
 

  (693,477)  

 
 

  (3,257,499)  

 
 

  Finance costs  

 
 

  15,973  

 
 

  16,990  

 
 

  28,369  

 
 

  66,437  

 
 

  76,115  

 
 

  Interest (income) expense  

 
 

  (1,295)  

 
 

  (1,467)  

 
 

  627  

 
 

  (5,745)  

 
 

  (5,913)  

 
 

  Income tax expense (recovery)  

 
 

  (9,970)  

 
 

  (129)  

 
 

  (61,436)  

 
 

  (6,321)  

 
 

  (82,235)  

 
 

  Depreciation and amortization  

 
 

  22,956  

 
 

  17,206  

 
 

  22,321  

 
 

  87,276  

 
 

  95,444  

 
 

   EBITDA   

 
 

   (106,305)   

 
 

   (128,025)   

 
 

   (1,854,097)   

 
 

   (551,830)   

 
 

   (3,174,088)   

 
 

  Changes in fair value of inventory sold  

 
 

  20,111  

 
 

  50,368  

 
 

  60,131  

 
 

  118,707  

 
 

  149,099  

 
 

  Unrealized gain on changes in fair value of
biological assets
 

 
 

  (15,546)  

 
 

  (37,483)  

 
 

  (37,732)  

 
 

  (109,178)  

 
 

  (125,448)  

 
 

  Share-based compensation  

 
 

  2,162  

 
 

  5,233  

 
 

  6,021  

 
 

  20,243  

 
 

  59,176  

 
 

  Acquisition costs  

 
 

  4,657  

 
 

  

 
 

  2,170  

 
 

  5,761  

 
 

  6,493  

 
 

  Foreign exchange loss (gain)  

 
 

  3,248  

 
 

  7,035  

 
 

  (3,003)  

 
 

  3,383  

 
 

  13,141  

 
 

  Share of loss from investment in associates  

 
 

  10  

 
 

  9  

 
 

  2,601  

 
 

  509  

 
 

  11,534  

 
 

  Government grant income  

 
 

  (4,119)  

 
 

  (4,692)  

 
 

  

 
 

  (32,489)  

 
 

  

 
 

  Losses (gains) on financial instruments (3)  

 
 

  (12,640)  

 
 

  (2,566)  

 
 

  (3,265)  

 
 

  9,469  

 
 

  27,148  

 
 

  Loss on loss of control of subsidiary  

 
 

  

 
 

  

 
 

  

 
 

  

 
 

  (500)  

 
 

  Losses (gains) on deemed disposal of
significant influence investment
 

 
 

  

 
 

  (204)  

 
 

  (11,955)  

 
 

  1,239  

 
 

  (11,955)  

 
 

  Gains (losses) on disposal of assets held for
sale and property, plant, and equipment
 

 
 

  (9,685)  

 
 

  (1,595)  

 
 

  

 
 

  (11,119)  

 
 

  

 
 

  Restructuring charges  

 
 

  

 
 

  801  

 
 

  1,947  

 
 

  1,011  

 
 

  1,947  

 
 

  Onerous contract provision  

 
 

  

 
 

  

 
 

  

 
 

  2,000  

 
 

  

 
 

  Out-of-period adjustments (4)  

 
 

  66  

 
 

  (194)  

 
 

  

 
 

  1,325  

 
 

 

 

  

 
 

  Impairment of deposit, inventory, investment in
associate, property, plant and
equipment, intangibles, and goodwill
 

 
 

  98,785  

 
 

  87,460  

 
 

  1,803,833  

 
 

  426,844  

 
 

  2,854,873  

 
 

   Adjusted EBITDA (5)   

 
 

   (19,256)   

 
 

   (23,853)   

 
 

   (33,349)   

 
 

   (114,125)   

 
 

   (188,580)   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          
 

   (1)  

 
 

  Amounts have been retroactively recast for the biological assets and inventory non-material prior period error. Refer to the " Significant Accounting Policies and Judgments " section in Note 2(h) of the Financial Statements.  

 
 

   (2)  

 
 

  As a result of the Company's dissolution and divestment of its wholly owned subsidiaries Hempco, ALPS and AHE, the operations of Hempco, ALPS and AHE have been presented as discontinued operations and the Company's results have been retroactively restated, as required. Refer to Note 12(b) of the Financial Statements for information about the divestitures. Including the results of Hempco, AHE, and ALPS, Adjusted EBITDA loss would have been $19.5 million and $115.4 million for the three and twelve months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, and $36.5 million and $205.2 million for the three and twelve months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.  

 
 

   (3)  

 
 

  Includes fair value changes on derivative investments, derivative liabilities, contingent consideration, loss on induced conversion of debentures, and (gain) loss on the modification and settlement of debt. Refer to Note 22 of the Financial Statements.  

 
 

   (4)  

 
 

  Included in out-of-period adjustments in Q4 2021 is (i) a $5.5 million cost of sales adjustment related to a catch-up of prior year raw material count reconciliations, (ii) a $0.9 million out-of-period 2021 revenue adjustment to reclassify prior period rebates against net revenue; offset by (iii) a $6.4 million other gain relating to prior periods identified through our period end reconciliations (year ended June 30, 2021 - $5.5 million raw materials cost of sales adjustment; offset by a $4.2 million other gain relating to prior periods identified through our period end reconciliations).  

 
 

   (5)  

 
 

  Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure and is not a recognized, defined, or standardized measure under IFRS. Refer to " Cautionary Statement Regarding Certain Non-GAAP Performance Measures " section of the MD&A.  

 
 
 

Included in the Q4 2021 Adjusted EBITDA loss is $5.1 million (Q3 2021 - $3.2 million ; Q4 2020 - $1.0 million ) related to restructuring charges, severance and benefits associated with the business transformation plan, $nil (Q3 2021 - $2.2 million ; Q4 2020 - $0.8 million ) legal settlement and contract termination fees, and $0.3 million (Q3 2021 - $1.9 million ; Q4 2020 – nil) in revenue provisions as a result of our Company initiated product swap to replace low quality product with higher potency product at the provinces. Excluding these impacts, Adjusted EBITDA loss is $13.9 million (Q3 2021 - $16.5 million ; Q4 2020 - $31.5 million ).

 
 
 

 Cision View original content to download multimedia: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/aurora-cannabis-announces-fiscal-2021-fourth-quarter-results-301385769.html  

 

SOURCE Aurora Cannabis Inc.

 
 

News Provided by PR Newswire via QuoteMedia

The Conversation (0)
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Thailand Reverses Course on Cannabis, Moves to Recriminalize Amid Political Fallout

Thailand’s groundbreaking experiment with cannabis decriminalization is rapidly unraveling, with the government formally moving to reclassify the plant as a narcotic and ban recreational sales.

The decision has sent shockwaves through an industry once projected to be worth over US$1 billion.

The country’s Ministry of Public Health issued an order this week stating that cannabis only be sold with a medical prescription, effectively ending a short-lived era of liberal recreational access.

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Australia federally legalised medicinal cannabis in 2016, and Australia's cannabis market has seen major growth since then.

Medical cannabis approvals were up by 120 percent in the first half of 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. Statista forecasts that Australian cannabis revenue will reach AU$3.73 billion in 2024 and grow at an annual rate of 3.22 percent, culminating in market volume worth AU$4.53 billion by 2029.

However, Australia’s cannabis industry is still young. Despite there being a strong case for a regulated market, which was outlined in a July 2024 report by the Penington Institute, recreational use is not legal and medical access remains limited and regulated.

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New Cannabis Consumption Trends, Regulatory Shifts Seen Driving Market in 2025

Understanding trends in the cannabis industry is paramount for investors eyeing a market with steady growth potential, but the landscape is complex as products and regulations continue to evolve.

Consumption habits are changing as edibles, vaping and THC beverages gain traction, especially among younger users, and cannabis companies are adapting their offerings to meet shifting demand.

Meanwhile, regulatory uncertainty, particularly surrounding the future of the US Farm Bill and state-level restrictions on hemp-derived cannabinoids, continues to challenge the market.

Despite these headwinds, production data and long-term growth forecasts suggest the cannabis industry remains on a promising — albeit turbulent — path. Read on for more on key trends to watch in 2025.

Consumption methods evolving post-legalization

Shifts in consumer behavior are reshaping markets across the board, and the cannabis industry is no exception.

While smoking remains the dominant method of cannabis consumption, a recent report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention highlights the growing popularity of edibles, vaping and dabbing.

The report notes that vaping and dabbing are particularly pronounced among younger adults.

A separate study published by the American Medical Association and funded in part by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research also points to how product preferences have changed among Canadian users since legalization in 2018.


The study indicates that while the use of flower, cannabis concentrates, oil, tinctures and topicals has decreased during that time, the use of vape cartridges, edibles and beverages has increased.

Edibles and beverages were legalized in Canada in late 2019, and Truss Beverage was one of the first players to introduce cannabis-infused drinks. Truss was a joint venture formed by Molson Coors Canada (TSX:TPX.A,TSX:TPX.B) and HEXO, a cannabis company that has since been acquired by Tilray Brands (TSX:TLRY,NASDAQ:TLRY).

In early 2020, Tilray launched a lineup of confectionery, wellness products and beverages through its subsidiary, High Park; Canopy Growth (TSX:WEED,NASDAQ:CGC) made a similar move. These companies gradually brought their products to the US as more states legalized cannabis for medical and/or recreational use.

Today, established cannabis brands typically offer edibles and beverages alongside their other products. Organigram Global (TSX:OGI,NASDAQ:OGI) is one of the newest US entrants, with its April acquisition of Collective Project providing immediate access to the US hemp-derived THC beverage market.

Growing awareness of health and wellness, potentially amplified by the pandemic-led adoption of health trackers, appears to be making an impact on the alcoholic beverage market.

A 2023 Gallup poll reveals a two decade decline in alcohol consumption, particularly among younger adults, suggesting a shift towards more health-conscious lifestyles within this demographic.

Craft beer production declined by 4 percent year-on-year in 2024, according to data collected by the Brewers Association. This marked the largest drop in the industry's history, excluding the pandemic. For small, independent craft breweries, 2024 marked the third consecutive year of declining production. A drop in the number of operating small breweries last year provides further evidence of this trend, with 501 closures in 2024 versus 434 openings.

Challenges in the alcohol market extend beyond the brewing industry, with the New York Times recently reporting the closure of a handful of nightclubs facing decreased alcohol sales alongside rising insurance and rent costs.

Meanwhile, cannabis lounges have been popping up across the US for the last several years. As of early 2025, several states had legalized or were in the process of implementing regulations for cannabis consumption lounges.

Hemp market growth despite regulatory uncertainty

The burgeoning hemp industry is another segment of the expanding cannabis market.

The legalization of industrial hemp — defined as cannabis with a THC concentration of 0.3 percent or less — through the 2018 Farm Bill led to initial investment and optimistic projections for CBD wellness products and various industrial applications. The sector’s rapid evolution also brought the rise of hemp-derived intoxicating cannabinoids, creating a market that presented both opportunities and complexities for participants.

However, after an initial boom, a lack of infrastructure and clearly defined regulations for CBD, as well as state-level variations and market oversupply, ultimately contributed to a quick retraction.

2024 was a pivotal year for the US hemp industry, as the hemp-related provisions of the 2018 Farm Bill — originally set to expire in September 2023, but extended to December 31, 2024 — created an urgent need to address critical issues like THC limits and the regulation of novel hemp-derived cannabinoids. A major point of contention was the proposed shift from defining hemp based on Delta-9 THC concentration (0.3 percent or less) to “total THC,” which includes THCA.

This change had the potential to significantly impact farmers and processors, as many hemp varieties that are compliant under the Delta-9 THC rule could exceed the 0.3 percent limit when THCA is included.

Various bills and amendments were proposed in 2024 as part of the Farm Bill discussions, each with different approaches to regulating hemp. Separate regulatory frameworks for industrial hemp and hemp grown for cannabinoids were suggested, and many states took their own action, leading to a patchwork of regulations and even outright bans.

Despite challenges, data from the US Department of Agriculture suggests signs of recovery.

The department's annual National Hemp Report from 2024 points to an 18 percent increase in industrial hemp production value between 2022 and 2023, with output growth seen in specific sectors like floral (18 percent), fiber (133 percent) and seed hemp (414 percent). The 2025 report from the Department of Agriculture indicates further expansion, with notable increases observed in both acreage (up 64 percent from 2023) and value (46 percent).

The 2024 Farm Bill ultimately did not pass, and right now the hemp industry is operating under a temporary extension of the 2018 Farm Bill under the American Relief Act of 2025, signed into law on December 21, 2024.

The 2018 Farm Bill is now set to expire on September 30, 2025.

While analysts for Markets and Markets project that the North American hemp industry will grow at a CAGR of 22.4 percent and ultimately reach a valuation of US$30.24 billion by 2029, the future of the industry will be heavily influenced by the outcome of the ongoing Farm Bill discussions.

US cannabis legalization remains stalled

Although there is clear demand for cannabis products, the now-defunct rescheduling process in the US is likely to continue casting a shadow of uncertainty over the industry's long-term trajectory.

Legal and procedural delays, including allegations of improper conduct and bias within the US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), led to hearing cancellations, and the new administration of US President Donald Trump has brought leadership changes to key agencies like the DEA and the Department of Justice.

Terry Cole, who Trump nominated to be DEA administrator on February 11, has a history of opposing cannabis legalization in the country. Similarly, Pam Bondi, Trump’s pick to lead the justice department, staunchly opposed a movement to legalize medical cannabis during her tenure as Florida’s attorney general.

While there have been bipartisan efforts in Congress to end federal cannabis prohibition and establish regulations for eventual legalization, the DEA’s actions and statements indicate a potential stall or reversal of progress.

In addition to that, new research is adding complexity to the debate.

A study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry this past March highlights an association between the use of high-potency cannabis strains and increased risks of psychosis, a factor that may not have been fully considered by the Department of Health and Human Services. As stronger cannabis strains become more widely available, a reassessment of their potential health risks may be required.

Investor takeaway

While the cannabis industry holds promise for growth and innovation, investors must remain acutely aware of the regulatory uncertainties and market volatility that will undoubtedly shape its trajectory in the years to come.

Don’t forget to follow us @INN_Cannabis for real-time news updates!

Securities Disclosure: I, Meagen Seatter, hold no direct investment interest in any company mentioned in this article.

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